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Adrenal rest tissue in gonads of patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Multicenter study of 45 French male patients - 05/12/12

Doi : 10.1016/j.ando.2012.09.005 
Peggy Pierre a, , c , François Despert b, François Tranquart c, Régis Coutant e, Véronique Tardy d, Véronique Kerlan f, Emmanuel Sonnet f, Sabine Baron g, Yannick Lorcy h, Philippe Emy i, Dominique Delavierre j, Françoise Monceaux k, Yves Morel d, Pierre Lecomte a
a Adult Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnelé, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France 
b Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, 49, boulevard Beranger, 37000 Tours, France 
c Radiology, University Hospital of Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnelé, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France 
d Genetic unit, service d’endocrinologie moléculaire et maladies rares, centre de biologie et pathologie Est, University of Lyon, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69677 Bron cedex, France 
e Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Angers, CHU d’Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France 
f Adult Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Brest, Hopital de la cavale Blanche, boulevard Tanguy-Prigent, 29609 Brest cedex, France 
g Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Nantes, 7, quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, France 
h Adult Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Rennes, 16, boulevard de Bulgarie, 35203 Rennes cedex 2, France 
i Adult Endocrinology Unit, General Hospital of Orleans, 14, avenue Hôpital, BP 86709, 45067 Orleans cedex 2, France 
j Adult Urology Unit, General Hospital of Orleans, 14, avenue Hôpital, BP 86709, 45067 Orleans cedex 2, France 
k Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, General Hospital of Orleans, 1, rue Porte-Madeleine, 45000 Orleans, France 

Corresponding author.

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Abstract

Objectives

Several cases of testicular adrenal rest tumours have been reported in men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to the classical form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency but the prevalence has not been established. The aims of this report were to evaluate the frequency of testicular adrenal rest tissue in this population in a retrospective multicentre study involving eight endocrinology centres, and to determine whether treatment or genetic background had an impact on the occurrence of adrenal rest tissue.

Material and methods

Testicular adrenal rest tissue (TART) was sought clinically and with ultrasound examination in forty-five males with CAH due to the classical form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency. When the diagnosis of testicular adrenal rest tumours was sought, good observance of treatment was judged on biological concentrations of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP), delta4-androstenedione, active renin and testosterone. The results of affected and non-affected subjects were compared.

Results

TART was detected in none of the 18 subjects aged 1 to 15years but was detected in 14 of the 27 subjects aged more than 15years. Five patients with an abnormal echography result had no clinical signs. Therapeutic control evaluated at diagnosis of TART seemed less effective when diagnosis was made in patients with adrenal rest tissue compared to TART-free subjects. Various genotypes were observed in patients with or without TART.

Conclusion

Due to the high prevalence of TART in classical CAH and the delayed clinical diagnosis, testicular ultrasonography must be performed before puberty and thereafter regularly during adulthood even if the clinical examination is normal.

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Résumé

But

De nombreux cas cliniques d’inclusions testiculaires de tissu surrénalien ont été publiés chez des sujets atteints de déficit en 21-hydroxylase dans la forme classique. La fréquence de ces anomalies reste variable en fonction de la population considérée. L’objectif de cette étude multicentrique (huit centres), rétrospective, est de préciser cette fréquence puis de chercher si le traitement ou le type d’atteinte génétique ont un impact sur l’apparition de ces inclusions.

Patients et méthodes

Quarante-cinq patients atteints de déficit en 21-hydroxylase ayant eu une recherche clinique et échographique d’inclusions intratesticulaires ont été inclus. L’équilibre thérapeutique a été jugé au décours de la recherche des inclusions sur les résultats des dosages de la 17-hydroxy-progestérone, la delta4-androstènedione, l’activité rénine plasmatique et la testostérone. Les résultats de ces paramètres ont été comparés chez les patients sans et avec inclusions.

Résultats

Aucune inclusion n’a été trouvée parmi 18 patients âgés d’un à 15ans mais 14 des 27 sujets de plus de 15ans en présentent. Parmi les patients avec des inclusions à l’échographie, cinq avaient un examen clinique testiculaire normal. L’équilibre thérapeutique au diagnostic des sujets avec inclusions semblait plus mauvais que pour les patients indemnes. Sur le plan génétique, les lésions sont variées tant dans le groupe avec que sans inclusions.

Conclusion

En raison de la forte fréquence des inclusions intratesticulaires de tissu surrénalien, une échographie testiculaire doit être réalisée avant la puberté puis régulièrement à l’âge adulte même si l’examen clinique est normal.

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Vol 73 - N° 6

P. 515-522 - Dicembre 2012 Ritorno al numero
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