Amphetamines are narcotics used for their entactogenic and hallucinogenic effects. Abuse is pervasive and linked to considerable health hazards. They produce their principal effects by increasing synaptic levels of the biogenic amines dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin through multiple mechanisms. The principal symptoms of poisoning in children are neurological disorders, associated with or without hyperthermia. Amphetamine use is increasing in the general population, exposing young children and infants to the accidental ingestion of tablets, especially in toddlers attracted by the colorful, candy-like formulation of the pills. The diagnosis of children's poisoning by amphetamines should be suspected in the presence of an unusual epileptiform picture, a state of agitation with or without convulsions, and with or without fever. Management principles include sedation, proactive cooling measures, and the utilization of titratable agents to address neurological and cardiovascular damages. Benzodiazepines, such as diazepam, constitute the cornerstone of treatment.

It is about five cases of exposure to amphetamine and its derivatives in children aged between 14months and 12years, leading to intoxication of varying degrees of severity.

Those cases illustrate the need to consider the possibility of accidental amphetamins ingestion in the differential diagnosis of a child suffering from convulsions with or without fever, behavioural disorders. Treatment is based mainly on supportive measures and titrated benzodiazepine.