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Effects of high glutamate concentrations on mitochondria of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells - 19/04/23

Effets des concentrations élevées de glutamate sur les mitochondries de l’homme neuroblastome cellules SH-SY5Y

Doi : 10.1016/j.pharma.2022.10.003 
K. Dubey Tiwari a, G. Sharma b, M.M. Prakash a, M.S. Parihar, Ph. D. b, c, , V. Dawane d, e,
a Department of Zoology, Government Holkar Science College, 452001 Indore, M.P, India 
b School of Studies in Zoology &Biotechnology, Vikram University, Ujjain, MP, India 
c Bioexons LLC, Seattle 98109-4038 WA, USA 
d School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, 382030 Gandhinagar, India 
e Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel College Mandleshwar, 451221 Madhya Pradesh, India 

Corresponding author. Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel College Mandleshwar, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Madhya Pradesh 451221, India.Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel College Mandleshwar, Department of Microbiology and BiotechnologyMadhya Pradesh 451221India

Highlights

Mitochondria are the principal target of glutamate toxicity in human neuroblastoma cells.
Glutamate toxicity increases intra-mitochondrial calcium.
Glutamate toxicity enhances the mitochondrial ROS and tyrosine nitration of specific mitochondrial proteins in SHSY5Y neuronal cells.

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Summary

Background

The excess amount of glutamate in neurons is associated with the excitotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases. Glutamate induces neurotoxicity primarily by immense influx of Ca2+ arising from overstimulation of the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptors. The neuronal death induced by the overstimulation of glutamate receptors depends critically on a sustained increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ influx and impairment in mitochondrial functions. The mitochondrial impairment is an important contributor to the glutamate-induced neuronal toxicity and thus provides an important target for the intervention. The present study investigates the effects of high glutamate concentrations on mitochondrial functions.

Results

Here, we have shown that the higher concentration of glutamate treatment caused a significant elevation in the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors expression and elevated the intra-mitochondrial calcium accumulation in SHSY5Y neuronal cells. As a result of an accumulation of intra-mitochondrial calcium, there is a concentration-dependent elevation in ROS in the mitochondria. Tyrosine nitration of several mitochondrial proteins was increased while the mitochondrial membrane potential was dissipated. Furthermore, glutamate treatments also resulted in mitochondrial membrane permeability transition.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that treatment of high glutamate concentration causes impairment of mitochondrial functions by an increase in intra-mitochondrial calcium, ROS production, dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in human neuroblastoma SHSY5Y cells.

Il testo completo di questo articolo è disponibile in PDF.

Résumé

Arrière-plan

L’excès de glutamate dans les neurones est associé à l’excitotoxicité et aux maladies neurodégénératives. Le glutamate induit une neurotoxicité principalement par un afflux immense de Ca2+ résultant d’une stimulation excessive du sous-type NMDA des récepteurs du glutamate. La mort neuronale induite par la surstimulation des récepteurs du glutamate dépend de manière critique d’une augmentation soutenue de l’afflux mitochondrial de Ca2+ et d’une altération des fonctions mitochondriales. L’altération mitochondriale est un contributeur important à la toxicité neuronale induite par le glutamate et fournit donc une cible importante pour l’intervention. La présente étude étudie les effets de concentrations élevées de glutamate sur les fonctions mitochondriales.

Résultats

Ici, nous avons montré que la concentration plus élevée de traitement au glutamate provoquait une élévation significative de l’expression des récepteurs N-méthyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) et augmentait l’accumulation intra-mitochondriale de calcium dans les cellules neuronales SHSY5Y. À la suite d’une accumulation de calcium intra-mitochondrial, il y a une élévation dépendante de la concentration des ROS dans les mitochondries. La nitration de la tyrosine de plusieurs protéines mitochondriales a été augmentée tandis que le potentiel de la membrane mitochondriale a été dissipé. En outre, les traitements au glutamate ont également entraîné une transition de la perméabilité de la membrane mitochondriale.

Conclusions

Ces résultats suggèrent que le traitement d’une concentration élevée de glutamate entraîne une altération des fonctions mitochondriales par une augmentation du calcium intra-mitochondrial, de la production de ROS, de la dissipation du potentiel de la membrane mitochondriale et de l’ouverture des pores de transition de la perméabilité mitochondriale dans les cellules SHSY5Y du neuroblastome humain.

Il testo completo di questo articolo è disponibile in PDF.

Keywords : Glutamate, Mitochondria, Reactive oxygen species, Protein tyrosine nitration

Mots clés : Glutamate, mitochondries, Espèces réactives de l’oxygène, Nitration de la tyrosine protéique


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Vol 81 - N° 3

P. 457-465 - Maggio 2023 Ritorno al numero
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