Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), including anatomic TSA (aTSA) and reverse TSA (rTSA), has increased in popularity due to reliably good patient outcomes. Postoperative physical therapy (PT) is considered essential to the success of this operation and has become standard practice. The authors present general rehabilitation principles as well as preferred postoperative PT protocols for aTSA and rTSA, which are based on evidence-based literature and the different early postoperative concerns for each of these procedures.