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Nose-to-brain delivery of paliperidone palmitate poloxamer-guar gum nanogel: Formulation, optimization and pharmacological studies in rats - 01/03/23

Administration du nez au cerveau d’un nanogel de palmitate de palipéridone et de poloxamère-gomme de guar : formulation, optimisation et études pharmacologiques chez le rat

Doi : 10.1016/j.pharma.2022.08.010 
D. Gadhave a, b, , A. Gupta a, S. Khot a, A. Tagalpallewar a, c, C. Kokare a
a Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India 
b Department of Pharmaceutics, Dattakala Shikshan Sanstha's, Dattakala College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Swami Chincholi, Daund, Pune, 413130, Maharashtra, India 
c School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, MIT World Peace University, Pune, 411038, Maharashtra, India 

Corresponding author.

Graphical abstract




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Highlights

Second-generation antipsychotics adversely induce neutropenia.
The favorable potential of intranasal delivery of paliperidone palmitate nanogel aimed at delivering the drug directly into the CNS for treatment of schizophrenia.
Consequently, optimized intranasal delivery/administration facilitated brain targeting, thereby making it an active therapeutic target in the treatment of neurological disorders.
Outcomes of in-vivo studies confirmed hemato-compatibility and depicted no sign of hemolysis in rats.

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Summary

Oral delivery of paliperidone palmitate (PPD), a potent antipsychotic agent, has been reported with a potential risk of very serious drug-induced adverse events such as tachycardia, hyperprolactinemia, sexual dysfunction, and neutropenia. Alternatively, the potential of nasal delivery has also been explored to treat CNS complications by delivering the medicines directly to the brain bypassing the blood-brain barrier. Hence, the objectives of current work were to formulate, design, optimize, and investigate the therapeutic potency of PPD-loaded intranasal in-situ gel (PPGISG) in the treatment of schizophrenia. PPD-nanoemulsion (PNE) was fabricated using water titration technique, was further optimized via Box-Behnken design. Furthermore, the optimized PNE was evaluated for parameters such as globule size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and % entrapment efficiency were found to be 21.44±1.58nm, 0.268±0.02, -25.56±1.6mV, and 99.89±0.25%, respectively. PNE was further converted to PPGISG utilizing two polymers, poloxamer, and guar gum. Simultaneously, ex-vivo permeation for PNE, PPGISG, and PPD-suspension was found to be 211.40±4.8, 297.89±3.9 and 98.66±1.6μg/cm2, respectively. While PPGISG nanoparticles showed 1.58 and 5.65-folds more Jss than PNE and PPD-suspension. Behavioral studies confirmed that no extrapyramidal symptoms were observed in experimental animals post intranasal administration. Finally, the outcomes of the in-vivo hemato-compatibility study proved that intranasal formulation did not cause any alteration in leukocytes, RBCs, and neutrophils count. Therefore, intranasal delivery of PPGISG can be considered a novel tool for the safe delivery of PPD in schizophrenic patients.

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Résumé

L’administration par voie orale du palmitate de palipéridone (PPD), un puissant agent antipsychotique, a été signalée avec un risque potentiel d’effets indésirables très graves induits par le médicament, tels que tachycardie, hyperprolactinémie, dysfonctionnement sexuel et neutropénie. Par ailleurs, le potentiel de l’administration nasale a également été exploré pour traiter les complications du SNC en délivrant les médicaments directement au cerveau en contournant la barrière hémato-encéphalique. Les objectifs du présent travail étaient donc de formuler, concevoir, optimiser et étudier le pouvoir thérapeutique du gel intranasal in situ chargé de PPD (PPGISG) dans le traitement de la schizophrénie. La nano-émulsion de PPD (PNE) a été fabriquée à l’aide de la technique de titrage de l’eau, puis optimisée par la méthode de Box-Behnken. En outre, la PNE optimisée a été évaluée pour des paramètres tels que la taille des globules, l’indice de polydispersité, le potentiel zêta et le pourcentage d’efficacité de piégeage, qui se sont révélés être respectivement de 21,44±1,58 nm, 0,268±0,02, −25,56±1,6mV et 99,89±0,25 %. Le PNE a ensuite été converti en PPGISG en utilisant deux polymères, le poloxamer et la gomme de guar. Simultanément, la perméation ex-vivo de la suspension de PNE, PPGISG et PPD s’est avérée être de 211,40±4,8, 297,89±3,9 et 98,66±1,6μg/cm2, respectivement. Alors que les nanoparticules de PPGISG ont montré une Jss 1,58 et 5,65 fois supérieure à celle de la PNE et de la suspension de PPD. Des études comportementales ont confirmé qu’aucun symptôme extrapyramidal n’a été observé chez les animaux de laboratoire après l’administration intranasale. Enfin, les résultats de l’étude d’hémato-compatibilité in-vivo ont prouvé que la formulation intranasale ne provoquait aucune altération du nombre de leucocytes, de GR et de neutrophiles. Par conséquent, l’administration intranasale de PPGISG peut être considérée comme un nouvel outil pour l’administration sûre de PPD chez les patients schizophrènes.

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Keywords : Intranasal nanogel, Guar gum, Box-Behnken design, Neutropenia, Antipsychotic activity, In-vivo safety evaluation.

Mots clés : Nanogel intranasal, Gomme de guar, Conception Box-Behnken, Neutropénie, Activité antipsychotique, Évaluation de la sécurité in-vivo


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Vol 81 - N° 2

P. 315-333 - Marzo 2023 Ritorno al numero
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