Comprehensive analysis of treatment-related adverse events of immunotherapy in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - 24/11/22
Highlights |
• | The risk of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (AG/GEJC) with immunotherapy has not adequately assessed, and it remains uncertain whether there is an increased risk of TRAEs owing to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). |
• | Immunotherapy did not have a significantly increased risk experiencing any type of TRAEs. |
• | ICIs had a more manageable safety profile than chemotherapy. |
• | CTLA-4 inhibitors were associated with higher risk of TRAEs compared PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. |
Abstract |
Aims |
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been recognized as an effective treatment for advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (AG/GEJC). However, the safety of ICIs in patients has not been established. We aimed to systematically assess the risk of all common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) in immunotherapy of AG/GEJC.
Methods |
A systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until May 2022 was performed using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. And a meta‐analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement.
Results |
A total of nine RCTs, including 2918 patients, met the eligibility criteria. The pooled overall incidences of all grade TRAEs, grade 3 or higher TRAEs and treatment-related death were 54.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 48.7%–60.2%, I2=75.55%), 12.8% (95% CI: 10.2%–15.7%, I2=51.61%) and 0.11% (95% CI: 0.00%–0.51%, I2=1.63%). Subgroup analyses showed that CTLA-4 inhibitors had a higher risk of any type of TRAEs, when compared with PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors. Meta-regression showed significant correlation between all grade TRAEs and proportion of female. Fatigue and diarrhoea were involved in common TRAEs.
Conclusions |
Our study provides a comprehensive overview of ICIs-associated AEs in AG/GEJC. Immunotherapy did not have a significantly increased risk experiencing any type of TRAEs, and ICIs had a more manageable safety profile than chemotherapy. These findings provide important guidance to clinicians in counseling and management of patients with AG/GEJC.
Il testo completo di questo articolo è disponibile in PDF.Keywords : Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Immunotherapy, Adverse events, Advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer, Meta-analysis
Abbreviations : AE, AG/GEJC, AST, ALT, BSC, CTLA-4, CTCAE, ECOG, G/GEJC, ICIs, NA, 95% CI, PD‐L1, PD‐1, RCTs, RR, TRAEs
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Vol 46 - N° 10
Articolo 102031- Dicembre 2022 Ritorno al numero
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