Hormonal contraceptives and onset of asthma in reproductive-age women: Population-based cohort study - 05/08/20
, Rebecca Pillinger, PhD c, Holly Tibble, MSc c, Syed A. Shah, PhD c, Dermot Ryan, MD c, d, Hilary Critchley, MD e, David Price, MD d, f, g, Catherine M. Hawrylowicz, PhD h, Colin R. Simpson, PhD c, i, Ireneous N. Soyiri, PhD c, j, Francis Appiagyei, MSc d, Aziz Sheikh, MD cAbstract |
Background |
Despite well-described sex differences in asthma incidence, there remains uncertainty about the role of female sex hormones in the development of asthma.
Objective |
We sought to investigate whether hormonal contraceptive use, its subtypes, and duration of use were associated with new-onset asthma in reproductive-age women.
Methods |
Using the Optimum Patient Care Research Database, a UK national primary care database, we constructed an open cohort of 16- to 45-year-old women (N = 564,896) followed for up to 17 years (ie, January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2016). We fitted multilevel Cox regression models to analyze the data.
Results |
At baseline, 26% of women were using any hormonal contraceptives. During follow-up (3,597,146 person-years), 25,288 women developed asthma, an incidence rate of 7.0 (95% CI, 6.9-7.1) per 1000 person-years. Compared with nonuse, previous use of any hormonal contraceptives (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; 95% CI, 0.68-0.72), combined (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.68-0.72), and progestogen-only therapy (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.67-0.74) was associated with reduced risk of new-onset asthma. For current use, the estimates were as follows: any (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.61-0.65), combined (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.62-0.67), and progestogen-only therapy (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.56-0.62). Longer duration of use (1-2 years: HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.81-0.86; 3-4 years: HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.61-0.67; 5+ years: HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.44-0.49) was associated with a lower risk of asthma onset than nonuse.
Conclusions |
Hormonal contraceptive use was associated with reduced risk of new-onset asthma in women of reproductive age. Mechanistic investigations to uncover the biological processes for these observations are required. Clinical trials investigating the safety and effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives for primary prevention of asthma will be helpful to confirm these results.
Il testo completo di questo articolo è disponibile in PDF.Key words : Asthma, cohort study, females, hormonal contraception, incidence, estrogen, progesterone, sex hormones
Abbreviations used : BMI, HR, OPCRD
Mappa
| This study was supported by Asthma UK (grant no. AUK-IG-2016-346) and Health Data Research UK. B.I.N. acknowledges the support of Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden, and the VBG Group Herman Krefting Foundation on Asthma and Allergy. The funders had no influence on the design of the study, interpretation of findings, or the decision to publish. |
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| Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. |
Vol 146 - N° 2
P. 438-446 - Agosto 2020 Ritorno al numero
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