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Functional and sonographic shoulder assessment after Seidel nailing - 27/03/08

Doi : RCE-10-2006-92-6-0035-1040-101019-200520001 

S. Rochet [1],

L. Obert [1],

P. Sarlieve [1],

P. Clappaz [1],

D. Lepage [1],

P. Garbuio [1],

Y. Tropet [1]

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Évaluation fonctionnelle et échographique de l'épaule après enclouage de Seidel

Le but de cette étude était d'évaluer la fonction de l'épaule des patients après l'enclouage des fractures diaphysaires par un clou de Seidel à l'aide de deux scores (Constant et DASH) et de vérifier l'état de la coiffe des rotateurs par échographie.

Vingt-neuf patients opérés dans le service entre 1996 et 2002 d'un enclouage de Seidel, ont été revus par un opérateur indépendant avec un recul moyen de 36 mois (11-84 mois). Le sex ratio était de 1,64. L'âge moyen lors de l'intervention était de 41,5 ans (17-81 ans). Le côté dominant était fracturé dans 17 cas. Le mécanisme de la fracture était un AVP dans 13 cas, une chute dans 12 cas, et un choc direct dans 4 cas. Le niveau lésionnel correspondait au tiers moyen dans 19 cas, au tiers supérieur dans 3 cas, au tiers moyen et inférieur dans 3 cas, et au tiers moyen et supérieur dans 3 cas. Le délai opératoire moyen était de 2,4 jours. Les complications initiales étaient une paralysie medio cubitale, un plexus brachial complet et un partiel. Il existait une seule fracture ouverte Cauchoix I.

Vingt-sept des vingt-neuf patients ont consolidé avec un délai moyen de 3,5 mois. Neuf patients ont nécessité une réintervention. Le score de Constant était de 69,1 points (86,9 % controlatéral), le Constant pondéré était de 81,7 et le DASH était de 25. Le score de Constant était significativement meilleur chez les patients de moins de 50 ans et dans les fractures transversales. Six patients présentaient à la révision des signes de conflit sous-acromial, et sur les 28 échographies réalisées seules 9 étaient normales.

Purpose of the study

Centromedullary nailing with a Seidel nail is a validated treatment for humeral shaft fractures that some teams have abandoned due to the injury caused to the rotator muscles. The purpose of this study is to assess shoulder function (Constant and DASH) after nailing procedures and to analyze sonographic findings.

Material and methods

Twenty-nine patients who underwent Seidel nailing between 1996 and 2002 were reviewed by an independent operator at a mean of 36 months follow-up (range, 11–84 months). The sex-ratio was 1.64. Mean age at surgery was 41.5 years (range, 17–81 years). The dominant side was involved in 17 cases. Fracture was caused by a traffic accident in 13 cases, a fall in 12, and a blunt injury in four. The fracture was situated in the mid third of the shaft in 19 cases, the upper third in three, the mid and lower third in three, and the mid and upper third in three. Mean delay before surgery was 2.4 days. Initial complications were medioulnar palsy (n = 1), complete brachial palsy (n = 1), and partial brachial palsy (n = 1). There was one open Cauchoix I fracture.

Results

Bone healing was achieved in 27 of 29 patients at a mean of 3.5 months. Revision was required in nine patients. The Constant score was 69.1 (86.9% contralateral). The weighted Constant score was 81.7 and the DASH was 25. The Constant score was significantly better in patients aged less than 50 years and with transverse fractures. Subacromial space narrowing was observed in six patients at follow-up and only nine of 28 sonographic examinations (32%) were normal; most shoulders presented transient healing lesions.

Discussion

This series was comparable with others regarding patient satisfaction, bone healing, and complications, but was less satisfactory for the Constant score and time to healing. We have found that using a subjective function score (DASH) with an objective score (Constant) enables a better assessment of shoulder function. Like Gaullier, we consider that after cuff healing, anterograde nailing does not compromise shoulder function despite the injuries observed sonographically.


Mots clés : Fracture diaphyse humérus , enclouage

Keywords: Diaphyseal humeral fracture , nail


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Vol 92 - N° 6

P. 549-555 - Ottobre 2006 Ritorno al numero

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