Urolithiasis has high incidence in industrialized countries (0.5% in Europe and North America). Its high incidence along with the severity of clinical symptoms makes nephrolithiasis an important consideration in patients with acute abdominal pain. Imaging has a pivotal role and non-contrast computed tomography scan is the gold standard examination in both the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with urolithiasis. Ultrasound and kidneys, ureters, and bladder radiography are also essential tools in the follow-up of this pathology given its high recurrence rates while MRI can be used in special patient populations such as pregnant women.