We intended to investigate the predictors for bowel resection in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). We further developed a scoring system for better predicting bowel resection.

A total of 207 infants who underwent surgical management at Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University between April 2008 and December 2020 were identified for the following investigation. Bowel resection was reviewed among the infants who underwent the procedure. Potential parameters related to bowel resection were explored using a multiple logistic regression method, and then a scoring system was developed.

Among the 207 patients who underwent operative intervention that were reviewed, 109 infants underwent bowel resection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that birth weight, hypotension, neutropenia, pneumoperitoneum, acidosis, and intestinal wall thickness were predictors related to the occurrence of bowel resection. A 6-point scoring system was further developed based on the obtained total coefficient, and the infants could be divided into low-, moderate- and high-risk groups according to cut values of 7 and 13.

The results of this study demonstrated that severe NEC features and low birth weight were associated with bowel resection. The risk scoring system could accurately separate infants that were suspected to have bowel loss during surgery.