Comparative analyses of IgG/IgA neutralizing effects induced by three COVID-19 vaccines against variants of concern - 05/04/22
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Abstract |
Background |
Few studies have directly compared virus-specific antibodies and their neutralizing capacity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wild type (WT) and circulating variants of concern despite the reported high efficacy of messenger RNA (mRNA)- and vector-based vaccines.
Objective |
We assessed SARS-CoV-2 spike protein region 1 (S1)-specific antibodies of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx1 vaccinated as well as convalescent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. We also determined the neutralization ability against SARS-CoV-2 WT and B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B1.1.7 E484K (Alpha-E484K), B.1.351 (Beta), and B.1.617.2 (Delta) variants.
Methods |
Serum samples of 107 fully vaccinated or convalescent individuals were analyzed for anti–SARS-CoV-2-S1 IgG and IgA as well as for total anti–SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain Ig. Furthermore, neutralization capacity as 50% and 90% neutralization titer values against SARS-CoV-2 WT virus and circulating variants were determined.
Results |
We observed a robust IgG response in all participants; however, the highest titers were detected in mRNA-based vaccine recipients. In case of serum IgA responses, the difference between mRNA- and vector-based vaccines or convalescent patients was even more pronounced. Interestingly, all 3 vaccines could neutralize all tested variants of concern in addition to WT virus, but in some individuals, only low or no neutralization, especially against Alpha-E484K and the Delta variant, was detected.
Conclusion |
Our study of the efficacy of various COVID-19 vaccines found that mRNA-1273 had the highest neutralization abilities compared to BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1. COVID-19 convalescent patients demonstrated the most heterogeneous range of antibody titers and neutralization abilities, making it hard to assess protection. Furthermore, a significant positive relation between antibodies and the 50% neutralization titer values for immunized and convalescent individuals was determined.
El texto completo de este artículo está disponible en PDF.Key words : SARS-CoV-2, variants of concern, vaccines, IgG and IgA antibodies, virus neutralization
Abbreviations used : Ab, BAU, BNT162b2, ChAdOx1, CI, COVID-19, mRNA, mRNA-1273, NT50, NT90, RBD, RoA, S1, SARS-CoV-1/2, VOC, WT
Esquema
| The first 2 authors contributed equally to this article, and both should be considered first author. |
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| Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA (NIBSC 19/304) was obtained from the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom. The following reagents were deposited by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and obtained through BEI Resources, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, US National Institutes of Health: SARS-related coronavirus 2, isolate USA-WA1/2020 NR-52281; SARS-related coronavirus 2, isolate hCoV-19/England/204820464/2020, NR-54000, contributed by Bassam Hallis; and SARS-related coronavirus 2, isolate hCoV-19/South Africa/KRISP-K005325/2020, NR-54009, contributed by Alex Sigal and Tulio de Oliveira. The authors were supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF; P34070-B to W.P. and P33510-B to D.W.), the Anniversary Fund of the Austrian National Bank (OeNB; P17614 to W.P., P17633 to D.W.), and the state of Tyrol (70454 to W.P.). |
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| Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. |
Vol 149 - N° 4
P. 1242 - avril 2022 Regresar al número
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Bienvenido a EM-consulte, la referencia de los profesionales de la salud.