Role of the renin-angiotensin system in NETosis in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) - 16/03/22
Abstract |
Myocardial infarction and stroke are the leading causes of death in the world. Numerous evidence has confirmed that hypertension promotes thrombosis and induces myocardial infarction and stroke. Recent findings reveal that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in the induction of myocardial infarction and stroke. Meanwhile, patients with severe COVID-19 suffer from complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke with pathological signs of NETs. Due to the extremely low amount of virus detected in the blood and remote organs (e.g., heart, brain and kidney) in a few cases, it is difficult to explain the mechanism by which the virus triggers NETosis, and there may be a different mechanism than in the lung. A large number of studies have found that the renin-angiotensin system regulates the NETosis at multiple levels in patients with COVID-19, such as endocytosis of SARS-COV-2, abnormal angiotensin II levels, neutrophil activation and procoagulant function at multiple levels, which may contribute to the formation of reticular structure and thrombosis. The treatment of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) and neutrophil recruitment and active antagonists helps to regulate blood pressure and reduce the risk of net and thrombosis. The review will explore the possible role of the angiotensin system in the formation of NETs in severe COVID-19.
El texto completo de este artículo está disponible en PDF.Graphical Abstract |
Highlights |
• | Viral infection triggers NETosis, thrombosis and diffusion-limited oxygen exchange. |
• | NETosis observed in remote organs is inconsistent with the viral infection status. |
• | Silent hypoxia induces local high-level expression of ACE and Ang II. |
• | Elevated Ang II has ability to trigger the formation of NETs in the remote organs. |
Abbreviations : AAA, ACE2, ACEI, ADAM 17, AGT, Ang 1–7, Ang II, ARBs, AREs, AT1R, CDK4/6, Cit-H3, cPLA2, dsDNA, G-CSF, GSDMD, HOCl, IL-8, LDGs, LDNs, MLKL, MPO-DNA, NADPH oxidase, NE, NETosis, NETs, NEP, NF-κB, PAD4, PDE4, PKC, POP/ PEP, RIPK, PRCP, RGD motif, TNF-α
Keywords : COVID-19, Neutrophil extracellular traps, Low-density granulocytes, Angiotensin system, Thrombosis
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Vol 148
Artículo 112718- avril 2022 Regresar al númeroBienvenido a EM-consulte, la referencia de los profesionales de la salud.