Post-COVID-19 Tachycardia Syndrome: A Distinct Phenotype of Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome - 20/12/21

Doi : 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.07.004

Marcus Ståhlberg, MD, PhD ^a,^⁎ , Ulrika Reistam, MD ^a, Artur Fedorowski, MD, PhD ^b,^c, Humberto Villacorta, MD ^d, Yu Horiuchi, MD ^e, Jeroen Bax, MD ^f, Bertram Pitt, MD ^g, Simon Matskeplishvili, MD ^h, Thomas F. Lüscher, MD, PhD ^i,^j, Immo Weichert, MD ^k, Khalid Bin Thani, MD ^l, Alan Maisel, MD ^m
^a Cardiology, Heart, Vascular and Neuro Theme, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
^b Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
^c Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
^d Division of Cardiology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
^e Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
^f Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
^g University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
^h Lomonosov Moscow State University Medical Center, Moscow, Russia
ⁱ Heart Division, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
^j Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
^k Acute Medicine Department, Ipswich Hospital, East Suffolk and North Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Ipswich, UK
^l Department of Cardiology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain
^m Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla

^⁎Requests for reprints should be addressed to Marcus Ståhlberg, MD, PhD, Heart, Vascular and Neuro Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Eugeniavägen 23, C11:27, S-17176, Stockholm, Solna, Sweden.Heart, Vascular and Neuro ThemeKarolinska University HospitalEugeniavägen 23, C11:27, S-17176StockholmSolnaSweden

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Abstract

In this paper we highlight the presence of tachycardia in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome by introducing a new label for this phenomenon—post-COVID-19 tachycardia syndrome—and argue that this constitutes a phenotype or sub-syndrome in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. We also discuss epidemiology, putative mechanisms, treatment options, and future research directions in this novel clinical syndrome.

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Keywords : COVID-19, Inappropriate sinus tachycardia, Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, Tachycardia

Esquema

Introduction

Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

Post-COVID-19 Tachycardia Syndrome as a Sub-Syndrome or Phenotype of Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

Putative Mechanisms for Symptomatic Tachycardia in Post-COVID-19 Tachycardia Syndrome

Proposed Cardiovascular Assessment in Patients with Post-COVID-19 Tachycardia Syndrome

Possible Treatment for Post-COVID Tachycardia Syndrome

Future Endeavors

Conclusions

	Funding: None.
	Conflicts of Interest: None.
	Authorship: All authors had access to the data and have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.