Social Variables Predict Gains in Cognitive Scores across the Preschool Years in Children with Birth Weights 500 to 1250 Grams - 26/03/15

Doi : 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.12.016

Brett J. Manley, MB BS ^1,^2,^3,^⁎ , Robin S. Roberts, MSc ⁴, Lex W. Doyle, MD ^1,^3,^5,⁶, Barbara Schmidt, MD ^4,⁷, Peter J. Anderson, PhD ^3,⁶, Keith J. Barrington, MB ChB ⁸, Birgitta Böhm, PhD ⁹, Agneta Golan, MD ¹⁰, Aleid G. van Wassenaer-Leemhuis, PhD ¹¹, Peter G. Davis, MD ^1,^2,³
on behalf of the
Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity (CAP) Trial Investigators^{^∗}
List of investigators of the Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity (CAP) Trial is available at www.jpeds.com (Appendix).
Barbara Schmidt, MD, MSc, Judy D'Ilario, RN, Janice Cairnie, RN, Joanne Dix, RN, BScN, MSN, Beth Anne Adams, PhD, Erin Warriner, PhD, CPsych, Mee-Hai Marie Kim, MD, MSc, Peter Anderson, PhD, Peter Davis, MD, Lex Doyle, MD, Brenda Argus, RN, Catherine Callanan, RN, RM, Noni Davis, MBBS, Julianne Duff, B Med Sci, MB, BS, Marion McDonald, RN, Elizabeth Asztalos, MD, MSc, Denise Hohn, BScOT, OTReg (Ont), Maralyn Lacy, BSc, RN, Ross Haslam, MBBS, Christopher Barnett, MBBS, FCCMG, Louise Goodchild, RN, Rosslyn Marie Lontis, RN, RM, NICC, Dip of Nursing (Community Health), BN, Simon Fraser, MBBS, MPPM, Julie Keng, MHlthSc, Kerryn Saunders, MBBS, Gillian Opie, MBBS, IBCLC, Elaine Kelly, MA, MAPsS, LACST, MAASH, CPSP, Heather Woods, RN, RM, Emma Marchant, RN, Anne-Marie Turner, MBBS, Noni Davis, MBBS, Emma Magrath, MBBS, MHth&MedLaw, Amanda Williamson, MPsy, Aida Bairam, MD, PhD, Sylvie Bélanger, MD, Annie Fraser, MPs, Marc Blayney, MB BCh, Brigitte Lemyre, MD, Jane Frank, RN, Alfonso Solimano, MD, Anne Synnes, MDCM, MHSC, Ruth E. Grunau, PhD, Philippa Hubber-Richard, RN, BScN, BSc, Marilyn Rogers, BSR, PT, Margot Mackay, BScO.T, Julianne Petrie-Thomas, PhD, Arsalan Butt, MSc, Aleid van Wassenaer, MD, PhD, Debbie Nuytemans, CRC, Bregje Houtzager, PhD, Loekie van Sonderen, MD, Rivka Regev, MD, Netter Itzchack, MA, Shmuel Arnon, MD, Adiba Chalaf, RN, Arne Ohlsson, MSc, Karel O'Brien, MB BCh BAO, MSc, Anne-Marie Hamilton, PT, MSc, May Lee Chan, BA, Koravangattu Sankaran, MD, FCCM, Pat Proctor, RN, Agneta Golan, MD, Esther Goldsch-Lerman, PhD, Graham Reynolds, MB BS, DCH MHP, MHEd, Barbara Dromgool, MN, Sandra Meskell, RN, Vanessa Parr, MN, Catherine Maher, RN, Margaret Broom, BN RN RM, Zsuzsoka Kecskes, Dr Med, PhD, Cathy Ringland, RN, Douglas McMillan, MD, Elizabeth Spellen, RN, BN, Bed, Reginald S. Sauve, MD, MPH, Heather Christianson, BA, Deborah Anseeuw-Deeks, BN, Dianne Creighton, PhD, RPsych, Jennifer Heath, MD, Ruben Alvaro, MD, Aaron Chiu, MD, Ceceile Porter, RNBN CEI, NICU, Gloria Turner, RN, Diane Moddemann, MD, Med, Naomi Granke, RN, CCRP, Karen Penner, PhD (candidate), MSc, BMROT, Jane Bow, PhD, CPsych, Antonius Mulder, MD, PhD, Renske Wassenberg, PhD, Markus van der Hoeven, MD, PhD, Maxine Clarke, MBBS, DCH, Judy Parfitt, RN, BA, Kevin Parker, BA, MDiv, MA, PhD, Chukwuma Nwaesei, MD, MPH, Heather Ryan, RN, BSc, BScN, Cory Saunders, PhD, CPsych, Andreas Schulze, MD, Inga Wermuth, MD, Anne Hilgendorff, MD, PhD, Andreas W. Flemmer, MD, PhD, Eric Herlenius, MD, PhD, Lena Legnevall, RN, BSc, Hugo Lagercrantz, MD, PhD, Derek Matthew, MD : retired, Wendy Amos : retired, Suresh Tulsiani, MD, Cherrie Tan-Dy, MD, Marilyn Turner : retired, Constance Phelan, RN : retired, Eric S. Shinwell, MD, Michael Levine, RN, MPHA, Ada Juster-Reicher, MD, May Khairy, MD, CM, Patricia Grier, BScN, Julie Vachon, PhD, Larissa Perepolkin, BA, Keith J. Barrington, MB, ChB, Sunil Kumar Sinha, MD, Win Tin, MD, Susan Fritz, SRN, RSCN, Herve Walti, MD, Diane Royer, RN, Henry Halliday, MD, DCH D(Obst)RCOG, David Millar, MB, MRCP, Clifford Mayes, MD, Christopher McCusker, MSc, PhD, CPsycho, Olivia McLaughlin, BSc, Hubert Fahnenstich, MD, Bettina Tillmann, MD, Peter Weber, MD, Unni Wariyar, BSc, MBBS, DCH, DCCH, MD, Nicholas Embleton, MD, Ravi Swamy, MD, MRCPCH, Hans U. Bucher, MD, Jean-Claude. Fauchere, MD, Vera Dietz, MD, Chidambara Harikumar, MD, MRCP, DM (Neo), DCH RCPCH, Win Tin, MD, Susan Fritz, SRN, RSCN, Barbara Schmidt, MD, MSc : Chair, Peter J. Anderson, PhD, Elizabeth V. Asztalos, MD, MSc, Keith J. Barrington, MB, ChB, Peter G. Davis, MD, Deborah Dewey, PhD, Lex W. Doyle, MD, Ruth E. Grunau, PhD, Diane Moddemann, MD, MEd, Arne Ohlsson, MSc, Robin S. Roberts, MSc, Alfonso Solimano, MD, Win Tin, MD, Michael Gent, BSc, MSc, DSc : Chair, William Fraser, MD, MSc, Edmund Hey, DPhil, Max Perlman, MB, BS, Kevin Thorpe, BMath, MMath, Shari Gray, BScPhm, RPh, Robin S. Roberts, MSc, Carole Chambers, Lorrie Costantini, BA, Wendy Yacura, Erin McGean, Lori Scapinello

¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
² Neonatal Services and Newborn Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
³ Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
⁴ Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
⁵ Research Office, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
⁶ Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
⁷ Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
⁸ McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
⁹ Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
¹⁰ Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
¹¹ Department of Neonatology, Emma Children's Hospital AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

^∗Reprint requests: Dr Brett J. Manley, MB BS, Neonatal Services and Newborn Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Level 7, 20 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.

Abstract

Objective

To determine the extent that social variables influence cognitive development of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants across the preschool years.

Study design

Participants were VLBW (500-1250 g) children enrolled in the Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity randomized trial between 1999 and 2004. We investigated the relationships between 4 potential social advantages: higher maternal education, higher paternal education, caregiver employment, and 2 biologic parents in the same home—and gain in cognitive scores. Cognitive assessments were performed at the corrected ages of 18 months (Mental Development Index score on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II) and 5 years (Full Scale IQ on the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence III). Cognitive gain was computed by subtracting each individual 18-month Mental Development Index score from the corresponding Full Scale IQ at 5 years.

Results

Data were available for 1347 children. Mean (SD) cognitive scores were 90.8 (15.7) at 18 months and 98.9 (14.5) at 5 years. Multivariable regression showed that higher maternal education, higher paternal education, and caregiver employment had independent and additive effects of similar size on cognitive gain (P < .001); the mean cognitive gain between 18 months and 5 years increased by 3.6 points in the presence of each of these advantages. When all 3 were present, cognitive scores improved on average by 10.9 points compared with children without any of these advantages.

Conclusion

In VLBW children, a count of 3 social advantages strongly predicts gains in cognitive scores across the preschool years.

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Keyword : Bayley-III, BSID-II, CAP, FSIQ, MDI, VLBW, WPPSI-III

Plan

Methods

Statistical Analyses

Results

Study Population and Cognitive Outcomes at 18 Months and 5 Years

Effects of Social Advantages on Cognitive Gain between 18 Months and 5 Years

Discussion

	Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MCT 13288) and the National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia; 108706). B.S., L.D., and K.B. received travel and related expenses for attending scientific meetings from Chiesi Pharmaceuticals. B.S. received a speakers' honorarium from the Nemours Foundation. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
	Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00182312.

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Vol 166 - N° 4

P. 870 - avril 2015 Retour au numéro

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Social Variables Predict Gains in Cognitive Scores across the Preschool Years in Children with Birth Weights 500 to 1250 Grams - 26/03/15

Abstract

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