Role of siglecs and related glycan-binding proteins in immune responses and immunoregulation - 05/03/15
Abstract |
Virtually all cells and extracellular material are heavily decorated by various glycans, yet our understanding of the structure and function of these moieties lags behind the understanding of nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. Recent years have seen a tremendous acceleration of knowledge in the field of glycobiology, revealing many intricacies and functional contributions that were previously poorly appreciated or even unrecognized. This review highlights several topics relevant to glycoimmunology in which mammalian and pathogen-derived glycans displayed on glycoproteins and other scaffolds are recognized by specific glycan-binding proteins (GBPs), leading to a variety of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cellular responses. The focus for this review is mainly on 2 families of GBPs, sialic acid–binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (siglecs) and selectins, that are involved in multiple steps of the immune response, including distinguishing pathogens from self, cell trafficking to sites of inflammation, fine-tuning of immune responses leading to activation or tolerance, and regulation of cell survival. Importantly for the clinician, accelerated rates of discovery in the field of glycoimmunology are being translated into innovative medical approaches that harness the interaction of glycans and GBPs to the benefit of the host and might soon lead to novel diagnostics and therapeutics.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key words : Siglec, selectin, dectin, glycan, glycan-binding proteins, sialic acid, treatment, glycobiology
Abbreviations used : DC-SIGN, GBP, ITIM, ITSM, IVIG, NK, ROS, SHP-1, Siglec, vWF
Plan
Series editors: Joshua A. Boyce, MD, Fred Finkelman, MD, and William T. Shearer, MD, PhD |
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Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: B. S. Bochner has received research support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH; grants R01 AI072265 and P01 HL107151); has received a consulting fee from and is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for Allakos; has patents through Johns Hopkins University; receives royalties from Johns Hopkins University; and has an equity position in Allakos and Glycomimetics. N. Zimmermann has received research support from the NIH (grant R21 AI103853) and Allakos (grant SRA 130701). |
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Terms in boldface and italics are defined in the glossary on page 599. |
Vol 135 - N° 3
P. 598-608 - mars 2015 Retour au numéroBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
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