Gray Matter Alterations in Schizophrenia High-Risk Youth and Early-Onset Schizophrenia : A Review of Structural MRI Findings - 06/09/13

Doi : 10.1016/j.chc.2013.06.003

Benjamin K. Brent, MD, MS ^a,^b,^c,^d,^⁎ , Heidi W. Thermenos, PhD ^a,^b,^c,^d,^e, Matcheri S. Keshavan, MD ^a,^b,^c, Larry J. Seidman, PhD ^a,^b,^c,^d
^a Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
^b Division of Public Psychiatry, Massachusetts Mental Health Center, 75 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
^c Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
^d Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
^e Athinoula A. Martinos Imaging Center, Building 149, 2nd Floor, Room 2602E, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA

^∗Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215.

Résumé

This article reviews the literature on structural magnetic resonance imaging findings in pediatric and young adult populations at clinical or genetic high-risk for schizophrenia and early-onset schizophrenia. The implications of this research are discussed for understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and for early intervention strategies. The evidence linking brain structural changes in prepsychosis development and early-onset schizophrenia with disruptions of normal neurodevelopmental processes during childhood or adolescence is described. Future directions are outlined for research to address knowledge gaps regarding the neurobiological basis of brain structural abnormalities in schizophrenia and to improve the usefulness of these abnormalities for preventative interventions.

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Keywords : Schizophrenia, Structural MRI, Genetic high-risk, Prodrome, Early-onset schizophrenia, Childhood-onset schizophrenia

Plan

Key points

Introduction

Structural MRI findings in GHR for schizophrenia individuals

Cross-Sectional Findings

Longitudinal Findings

Structural MRI findings in CHR individuals

Cross-Sectional Findings

Longitudinal Findings

Meta-analyses of CHR structural MRI studies

EOS and COS

Cross-Sectional Findings

Longitudinal Findings

Summary

Grant Support: This project was supported in part by a KL2 Medical Research Investigator Training (MeRIT) award from Harvard Catalyst and The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center, NIH KL2 RR 025757 (B.K. Brent), NIMH MH081928, MH065571, and MH092840, and the Commonwealth Research Center of the Massachusetts Department of Mental Health, SCDMH82101008006 (L.J. Seidman), and by NIMH RO1 64023, 78113 and, KO2 01180 (M.S. Keshavan).

Disclosures: The authors report no financial disclosures or conflicts of interest.

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Vol 22 - N° 4

P. 689-714 - octobre 2013 Retour au numéro

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Gray Matter Alterations in Schizophrenia High-Risk Youth and Early-Onset Schizophrenia : A Review of Structural MRI Findings - 06/09/13

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