Mechanisms underlying helper T-cell plasticity: Implications for immune-mediated disease - 29/04/13
, Amanda Poholek, PhD a, Golnaz Vahedi, PhD a, Arian Laurence, PhD, MRCP, FRCPath a, Yuka Kanno, MD, PhD a, Joshua D. Milner, MD b, John J. O’Shea, MD a, ⁎ 
Corresponding author: John J. O’Shea, MD, 10 Center Dr, Bldg 10, Rm 13C103, Bethesda, MD 20892-1930.Abstract |
CD4 helper T cells are critical for proper immune cell homeostasis and host defense but are also major contributors to immune and inflammatory disease. Arising from a simple biphasic model of differentiation (ie, TH1 and TH2 cells). A bewildering number of fates seem possible for helper T cells. To what extent different helper cell subsets maintain their characteristic gene expression profiles or exhibit functional plasticity is a hotly debated topic. In this review we will discuss how the expression of “signature cytokines” and “master regulator” transcription factors do not neatly conform to a simple helper T-cell paradigm. Although this might seem confusing, the good news is that the newly recognized complexity fits better with our understanding of immunopathogenesis. Finally, we will discuss factors, including epigenetic regulation and metabolic alterations, that contribute to helper cell specificity and plasticity.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key words : T-cell plasticity, asthma, allergic disease, epigenetics, histone modification, therapy
Abbreviations used : Bcl6, Foxp3, HIF, H3K4me3, H3K27me3, IRF, mTOR, mTORC, PU.1, Rorγt, T-bet, TFH, Treg
Plan
| Series editors: Joshua A Boyce, MD, Fred Finkelman, MD, and William T. Shearer, MD, PhD |
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| Supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) Intramural Research Program, the JSPS Research Fellowship for Japanese Biomedical and Behavioral Researchers at the NIH (to K.H.), and PRAT (to A.P.). |
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| Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. |
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| Terms in boldface and italics are defined in the glossary on page 1277. |
Vol 131 - N° 5
P. 1276-1287 - mai 2013 Retour au numéro
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