This article illustrates the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the work force and emphasizes that there are public health risks and significant societal financial losses in untreated OSA. Specifics of OSA impact on individuals are discussed with regard to veterans, first responders, farmers, and pilots, specially focusing on commercial vehicle drivers. The pathophysiology of OSA and the consequence of impairment and disability due to OSA on work capacity are introduced. Federal guidelines for occupational-specific recommendations are presented. The health care provider’s role in identifying and incorporating effective screening and treatment strategies for workers with sleep apnea is emphasized.