To report our centre’s experience of outpatient tonsillectomy in children over a 7-year period and to evaluate the postoperative complication rate in this type of procedure compared to tonsillectomy performed in the context of conventional hospitalisation.

Retrospective review of medical charts.

From May 2002 to April 2009, 276 tonsillectomies were performed on an outpatient basis, i.e. 55.4% of all paediatric tonsillectomies, in children with a mean age of 5.28years. Ninety-six children (34.8%) presented clinical OSAS. Development of an early postoperative complication (before H8) required conventional hospitalisation on D0 in six (2.1%) of these 276 children operated on an outpatient basis: early postoperative bleeding in four cases (1.4%), which required reoperation to control bleeding in three cases, refusal to feed in one case (0.3%), and a parental problem in one case (0.3%). Postoperative complications occurring after H8 required readmission in six cases (2.1%): pain and feeding difficulties in two cases (0.7%) on D1 and D5, respectively, bleeding in four cases (1.4%) with reoperation before H24 for one patient, D5 for two patients and D7 for one patient. Only one case of bleeding occurred between H8 and H24. No perioperative respiratory complications were observed in children with clinical OSAS.

The results of this study show that, in line with international publications and meta-analyses, post-tonsillectomy complications between H8 and H24 postoperatively, mainly bleeding, are exceptional. Respiratory complications usually occur in high-risk clinical settings that are not eligible for outpatient surgery. Outpatient tonsillectomy is therefore a safe procedure in children presenting all of the required medical, social and organizational conditions.