TREATMENT OPTIONS IN STRUVITE STONES - 11/09/11

Doi : 10.1016/S0094-0143(05)70360-8

Lester P. Wang, MD ^{^{*
From the Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas (LPW); the Department of Urology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota (HYW); and the Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (DPG)}}, Hoo Yin Wong, MD ^{^{*
From the Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas (LPW); the Department of Urology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota (HYW); and the Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (DPG)}}, Donald P. Griffith, MD ^{^{*
From the Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas (LPW); the Department of Urology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota (HYW); and the Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (DPG)}}

Résumé

Stone formation in the urinary tract has occurred for thousands of years. Archaeologists have found several cases of urinary tract calculi in Egyptian mummies, dating back 7000 years ago.^{143 Wershub L.P. Urology: From Antiquity to the 20^th Century St. Louis: Warren H. Greene (1970).

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 147 Wong H.Y., Riedl C.R., Griffith D.P. Medical management and prevention of struvite stones Kidney Stones: Medical and Surgical Management Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers (1996).
1941

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} Hippocrates in 387 bc documented the association of urinary tract infection and urolithiasis. Approximately 2000 years later, Marcet noted the combination of phosphate calculi with alkaline, ammoniacal urine, and putrefecation.^{53 Griffith D.P., Osborne C.A. Infection (urease) stones Miner Electrolyte Metab 1987 ; 13 : 278-285

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références}

In 1901, Brown^{15 Brown T.R. On the relation between the variety of microorganisms and the composition of stone in calculous pyelonephritis JAMA 1901 ; 36 : 1394-1397

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} proposed the theory of bacterial splitting of urea as a promoter of stone formation. His six patients' stone analyses revealed “phosphates and carbonates of calcium and magnesium.” All six patients had Proteus vulgaris isolated from urine cultures.^{15 Brown T.R. On the relation between the variety of microorganisms and the composition of stone in calculous pyelonephritis JAMA 1901 ; 36 : 1394-1397

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} A year later, Hagar and Magath^{54 Hagar B.H., Magath T.B. The etiology of encrusted cystitis with alkaline urine JAMA 1925 ; 85 : 1352-1355

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} suggested that a bacterial protein “urease” was responsible for the hydrolysis of urea. Sumner^{131 Sumner J.B. The isolation and crystallization of the enzyme urease J Biol Chem 1926 ; 69 : 435-441

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} isolated urease from the jack bean, Canavalia ensiformis, and was later awarded the Nobel Prize for this work.