To analyze the relation between allergic conjunctivitis and the results of photorefractive keratectomy performed with an excimer laser in myopic eyes.

Fifty-seven myopic eyes in 57 Japanese patients were classified into three groups: a normal group (30 eyes of 30 patients), a treatment group composed of eyes with allergic conjunctivitis that were treated with fluorometholone and cromolyn sodium eyedrops from month 3 until the end of the 12- to 18-month follow-up period (16 eyes of 16 patients), and a no-treatment group composed of eyes with allergic conjunctivitis that received no allergic treatment until the end of the follow-up period (11 eyes of 11 patients). Preoperative and postoperative examinations included evaluation of corrected and uncorrected visual acuity and grading of corneal haze.

In the no-treatment group, the mean corneal haze score ± SD of 0.8 ± 0.98 was significantly greater than the normal group score of 0.38 ± 0.49 (P = .02). There was no significant difference in the haze score between the treated and normal groups. A refractive outcome of ± 1 diopter was obtained in 30 (100%) of the 30 patients in the normal group, 15 (93.8%) of 16 patients in the treatment group, and four (36.4%) of the 11 patients in the no-treatment group. Visual acuity was 20/40 or better after photorefractive keratectomy in 30 patients (100%) in the normal group, 15 patients (93.8%) in the treatment group, and six patients (54.5%) in the no-treatment group.

These findings suggest that untreated allergic conjunctivitis is a significant risk factor for haze and myopic regression after photorefractive keratectomy.