In the United States, almost one third of all deliveries require some form of intervention (Figure 1)104SJ Ventura, JA Martin, SM Taffel, et-al. Advance report of final natality statistics, 1993. Monthly Vital Statistics Report 44:3 supplement Sept 21, 1995.
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 112Zahniser S.C., Kendrick J.S., Franks A.L., et al. Trends in obstetric operative procedures, 1980 to 1987 Am J Public Health 1992 ; 82 : 1340-1344 [cross-ref]
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références Worldwide, between 10% and 20% of pregnant women receive assistance with their deliveries.13Berger C.H., Liska G., Jabot C.H., et al. Quoi de neuf sur le forceps? Revue Française De Gynecologie 1976 ; 71 : 121-128
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 83Notzon F.C. International differences in the use of obstetric interventions JAMA 1990 ; 263 : 3286-3291
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références In many cases, this intervention is in the form of a cesarean section (CS). The use of operative vaginal delivery is on the decline16Bofill J.A., Rust O.A., Perry K.G., et al. Forceps and vacuum delivery: A survey of North American residency programs Obstet Gynecol 1996 ; 88 : 622-625 [cross-ref]
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 83Notzon F.C. International differences in the use of obstetric interventions JAMA 1990 ; 263 : 3286-3291
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 112Zahniser S.C., Kendrick J.S., Franks A.L., et al. Trends in obstetric operative procedures, 1980 to 1987 Am J Public Health 1992 ; 82 : 1340-1344 [cross-ref]
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références; however, the ability to apply obstetric forceps safely and effectively remains an important skill and one that sets obstetricians apart from their surgical colleagues. This capability, one that continues to be performed in a similar fashion as when it was first introduced into obstetric practice nearly 400 years ago, continues to have an important place in modern obstetrics.18Bowes W.A., Katz V.L. Operative vaginal delivery: Forceps and vacuum extractor Curr Probl Obstet Gynecol Fertil 1994 ; 17 : 81-112
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 37Dumont M. Histoire et petite histoire du forceps J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod 1984 ; 13 : 743-757
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 103Thompson J.P. Forcep deliveries Clin Perinatol 1995 ; 22 : 953-972
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 111Yeomans E.R., Gilstrap L.C. The role of forceps in modern obstetrics Clin Obstet Gynecol 1994 ; 37 : 785-793 [cross-ref]
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références
The enthusiasm for forceps delivery peaked in the early twentieth century, when almost 50% of deliveries were with forceps.103Thompson J.P. Forcep deliveries Clin Perinatol 1995 ; 22 : 953-972
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références Over the past 3 decades, a worldwide decreasing trend has occurred in the use of forceps, and a relative increase has occurred in abdominal deliveries and the employment of the obstetric vacuum.15Bergsjo P., Schmidt E., Pusch D. Differences in the reported frequencies of some obstetrical interventions in Europe Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1983 ; 90 : 628-632 [cross-ref]
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 83Notzon F.C. International differences in the use of obstetric interventions JAMA 1990 ; 263 : 3286-3291
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 112Zahniser S.C., Kendrick J.S., Franks A.L., et al. Trends in obstetric operative procedures, 1980 to 1987 Am J Public Health 1992 ; 82 : 1340-1344 [cross-ref]
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références Various explanations exist for these phenomena, including the development of effective anesthesia techniques, the introduction of antibiotics, the effective use of blood products, and the development of improved surgical techniques. For these and other reasons, CS has become a commonly performed surgical procedure, and operative vaginal delivery rates have significantly decreased.48Gillum B.S., Graves E.J., Wood E. National Hospital discharge summary: Annual survey, 1995. National Center for Health Statistics Vital Health Stat 1998 ; 13 : 1-60
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 67Kozak L.J., Owings M.F. Ambulatory and inpatient procedures in the United States, 1995. National Center for Health Statistics Vital Health Stat 1998 ; 13 : 1-124
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références
Forceps were originally designed to assist patients who were suffering with prolonged labor and in many cases were used to overcome relative and occasionally absolute dystocia.20Breen J. Observations on the management of tedious labour, with an account of the number of cases that occurred in the lying-in hospital, Dublin, from November 1800 to the 31st July 1816 The Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal 1819 ; 15 : 161-174
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 23Campbell W. Case of uterine hemorrhage supervening on instrumental labour The Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal 1820 ; 16 : 554-562
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 37Dumont M. Histoire et petite histoire du forceps J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod 1984 ; 13 : 743-757
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références Forceps were initially used to effect vaginal delivery in women who had hopeless dystocia with a dead or dying fetus to save the mother's life.47Giffard, Cases in Midwifery. London, 1734, pp 29, 30, 47–49.
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références, 103Thompson J.P. Forcep deliveries Clin Perinatol 1995 ; 22 : 953-972
Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références Many of the children survived and gradually the instrument was modified to better ensure a live delivery and to reduce the chances of fetal and maternal injury.
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