Tear and conjunctival changes during the allergen-induced early- and late-phase responses - 04/09/11
Abstract |
Background: Allergic eye disease is common, but little is known about the underlying disease mechanisms. Conjunctival allergen challenge causes symptoms similar to those of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis and is a useful model to study. Objective: We have used allergen challenge to investigate the course of the ocular response, tear inflammatory mediators, tissue adhesion protein expression, and cellular infiltration. Methods: Eighteen atopic patients and 4 nonatopic control subjects were challenged with extracted mixed grass or Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in one eye and control vehicle in the other. The clinical response was recorded, and tears were collected over a 6-hour period. Conjunctival biopsy specimens were taken from the challenged eye at 6 or 24 hours. Results: An early-phase response (maximal at 20 minutes) showed a significant increase in tear histamine and tryptase levels, reducing to control levels again by 40 minutes. At 6 hours, a late-phase response occurred with increased symptoms, a second peak of tear histamine and eosinophil cationic protein but not tryptase, upregulation of the adhesion molecules E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule, and a cellular infiltrate of mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, and basophils, with T cells increased only in bulbar biopsy specimens. Conclusions: The early peaks of tear histamine plus tryptase indicate that the mast cell is responsible for the early-phase response, but basophils may be involved in the late-phase response. Both tear and biopsy findings underline the significance of the late-phase response as the transition between a type I response and clinical disease. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;106:948-54.)
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : Allergy, conjunctivitis, histamine, tryptase, eosinophil cationic protein, mast cell, basophil, eosinophil, T cell, E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cellular adhesion molecule 1
Abbreviations : ECP:, EPR:, ICAM-1:, LPR:, SAC:, VCAM-1:
Plan
Supported by project grants from the Medical Research Council (UK) and the Sir Jules Thorn Trust (ASB, PA, JIM, and STH) and National Institutes of Health grant AR 45441 (AMI and LBS). *Currently affiliated with Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, United Kingdom. |
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Reprint requests: James McGill, DPhil, FRCS, Southampton Eye Unit, Southampton University Hospital, Tremona Rd, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom. |
Vol 106 - N° 5
P. 948-954 - novembre 2000 Retour au numéroBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
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