Effects of obesity and bariatric surgery on airway hyperresponsiveness, asthma control, and inflammation - 28/08/11
, Richard E. Pratley, MD a, Patrick M. Forgione, MD b, David A. Kaminsky, MD a, Laurie A. Whittaker-Leclair, MD a, Laurianne A. Griffes, BA a, Jayanthi Garudathri, MS a, Danielle Raymond, BS a, Mathew E. Poynter, PhD a, Janice Y. Bunn, PhD c, Charles G. Irvin, PhD a
Reprint requests: Anne E. Dixon, MA, BM BCh, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Given D209, 89 Beaumont Ave, Burlington, VT 05405.Abstract |
Background |
Asthma in obese subjects is poorly understood, and these patients are often refractory to standard therapy.
Objectives |
We sought to gain insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of asthma in obese subjects by determining how obesity and bariatric surgery affect asthma control, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and markers of asthmatic inflammation.
Methods |
We performed a prospective study of (1) asthmatic and nonasthmatic patients undergoing bariatric surgery compared at baseline and (2) asthmatic patients followed for 12 months after bariatric surgery.
Results |
We studied 23 asthmatic and 21 nonasthmatic patients undergoing bariatric surgery. At baseline, asthmatic patients had lower FEV1 and forced vital capacity and lower numbers of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. After surgery, asthmatic participants experienced significant improvements in asthma control (asthma control score, 1.55 to 0.74; P < .0001) and asthma quality of life (4.87 to 5.87, P < .0001). Airways responsiveness to methacholine improved significantly (methacholine PC20, 3.9 to 7.28, P = .03). There was a statistically significant interaction between IgE status and change in airways responsiveness (P for interaction = .01). The proportion of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the production of cytokines from activated peripheral blood CD4+ T cells increased significantly.
Conclusions |
Bariatric surgery improves AHR in obese asthmatic patients with normal serum IgE levels. Weight loss has dichotomous effects on airway physiology and T-cell function typically involved in the pathogenesis of asthma, suggesting that obesity produces a unique phenotype of asthma that will require a distinct therapeutic approach.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key words : Obesity, asthma, bariatric surgery, weight loss, airway hyperreactivity, CD4 T cell
Abbreviations used : AHR, BAL, BMI
Plan
| Supported by National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources grants P20 RR15557, M01 RR00109, and RR019965. |
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| Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: A. E. Dixon, R. E. Pratley, M. E. Poynter, and J. Y. Bunn receive research support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). D. A. Kaminsky is a physician speaker for Merck and Co. L. A. Whittaker-Leclair receives research support from the Coulter Foundation. C. G. Irvin is on the speakers’ bureau for Merck, has consultant arrangements with MethaPharm, and receives research support from the NIH and the American Lung Association−Asthma Clinical Research Center. The rest of the authors have declared that they have no conflict of interest. |
Vol 128 - N° 3
P. 508 - septembre 2011 Retour au numéro
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