Prevention of secondary immunodeficiency in pneumonia is a topical problem in modern medicine.

We studied bactericidal phagocyte activity, functional lymphocyte activity in blast-transformation reaction with PHA; CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD20, IgA, IgM, IgG, circulating immune complexes in blood of patients with mild, moderate and severe pneumonia.

Phenotypic characteristics of peripheral blood immunocompetent cells is given. Complex evaluation of background disturbances of the immune system in patients with pneumonia depending on the severity of the pathologic process was carried out. An decrease in the number of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD16⁺, IgA level, functional lymphocyte activity, and an increase in the level of circulating immune complexes and CD20⁺ (p<0.05) were revealed. Direct correlation between the level of immune disturbances and clinical indices characterizing the severity of the disease was also revealed. The method of paravasal lymphotropic immunotherapy along with several immunomodulators possessing differently targeted action was elaborated and applied to treat pneumonia.

The application of lymphotropic immunotherapy promotes restoration of quantitative subsets and functional activity of immune regulatory cells, it decreases the period of arresting of X-ray symptoms, increases the efficacy of the treatment, and prevents the development of complications.