Pediatric Head and Neck Malignancies - 22/08/11
Doi : 10.1016/B978-0-323-05283-2.00201-9
Key Points |
• | Each year in the United States, cancer is diagnosed in 1 of every 7000 children 0 to 14 years of age. |
• | Although accidents are the leading cause of death in children, malignancies remain the most common cause of death from disease in the 1- to 14-year-old age group. |
• | Unlike adults, most childhood tumors are mesenchymal or neuroectodermal in origin. |
• | Nearly one third of pediatric malignancies are leukemias, and an additional 12% are lymphomas. Nonhematologic solid tumors account for the remaining 55%. |
• | Every child with suspected leukemia-lymphoma or neuroblastoma should have a workup to evaluate for gene translocations, antigen expression, and gene amplification. Critical to this histopathologic workup is the delivery of fresh tissue to the pathologist for proper handling. |
• | Pediatric head and neck cancer treatment is guided by the guidelines developed in accordance with collaborative, multimodality therapeutic protocols, such as the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Groups Committee (IRSC). |
• | Because of the high rate of metastatic disease in pediatric cancers, combined therapy usually is required (surgical biopsy or excision, chemotherapy, radiation therapy if needed for local control). |
• | With increasing numbers of long-term survivors of pediatric head and neck cancer, ongoing management of sequelae from treatment is essential, including attention to development of secondary malignancies 1 to 2 decades after treatment. |
Plan
© 2010 Elsevier Inc. Tous droits réservés.
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