Surgical Anatomy of the Lateral Skull Base - 22/08/11
Doi : 10.1016/B978-0-323-05283-2.00174-9
Key Points |
• | The temporal bone articulates with five other cranial bones and forms many sutures and foramina through which pass critical neural and vascular structures. |
• | Along with the greater wing of the sphenoid and a portion of the parietal bone, the temporal bone forms the lateral boundary of the middle cranial fossa. |
• | The petrous bone is a key element of the osseous anatomy of the middle and posterior cranial fossae. |
• | Medial and posterior to the foramen ovale the middle meningeal artery enters the middle cranial fossa through the foramen spinosum, and the greater superficial petrosal nerve is located medial to the middle meningeal artery. |
• | From superior to inferior, the greater superficial petrosal nerve, the tensor tympani muscle, and the eustachian tube all proceed in a similar anteroposterior plane. |
• | The greater petrosal nerve, the geniculate ganglion, and the labyrinthine segment of cranial nerve VII form an obtuse angle of approximately 120 degrees. The cochlea is embedded in the bone subtended by that angle. |
• | The cerebellopontine angle is traversed by the intracranial segments of cranial nerve V (superiorly) to cranial nerve IX (inferiorly) and by the premeatal, meatal, and postmeatal segments of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). |
• | The medial aspect of the internal auditory canal is occupied by its four main neural components: the facial nerve (superior and anterior), the superior vestibular nerve (superior and posterior), the cochlear nerve (anterior and inferior), and the inferior vestibular nerve (posterior and inferior). |
• | The jugular foramen is located at the petro-occipital region and contains several vital neural and vascular components. |
• | The infratemporal fossa communicates with the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure, with the middle cranial fossa through the foramen spinosum, and with the pterygopalatine fossa through the pterygomaxillary fissure. |
Plan
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