Acute HIV Infection: Diagnosis and Management in the Emergency Department - 21/08/11

Doi : 10.1016/j.emc.2010.01.002

Wesley H. Self, MD ^a,^b,^⁎
^a Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 1313, 21st Avenue South, 703 Oxford House, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
^b Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Veterans Health Administration, 1310 24th Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37212, USA

Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 1313, 21st Avenue South, 703 Oxford House, Nashville, TN 37232.

Résumé

Acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, also known as primary HIV infection, is the initial phase of infection, spanning from inoculation to the establishment of CD4 count and viral load set points. This phase is marked by dynamic changes in viral replication and host immune responses and contains 2 important clinical events: acute retroviral syndrome and seroconversion. Acute HIV infection is challenging to diagnose, but with recent improvements in diagnostic testing and a heightened awareness of acute HIV, the emergency physician is well positioned to make this diagnosis and initiate important interventions for the individual patient and public health.

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Keywords : HIV, AIDS, Acute retroviral syndrome, Emergency department

Plan

Epidemiology

Pathophysiology

Clinical features

Rationale for pursuing an acute HIV diagnosis

Identifying who to test

Public Health Interventions

Psychosocial Support

Summary

	Support: This material is based on work supported by the Office of Academic Affiliations, Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Affairs National Quality Scholars Program, and with resources and the use of facilities at Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee.
	Disclosures: The author has no disclosures to report.