Treating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ihCCC) tumor resection leads to the best patient survival. The aim of this study was to investigate prognostic factors in resected patients.

This was a clinical observational series of 31 resected patients with ihCCC. Univariate analysis of clinical and pathologic factors in relation to patient survival and tumor recurrence were performed. Possible benefit of chemotherapy, although not given randomly, was investigated separately.

The median follow-up time was 37.3 months. Of 31 resected patients a tumor-free resection (R0) was achieved in 26; 2 patients died postoperatively. Chemotherapy was administered to 19 patients. Overall survival was significantly better in patients with R0 resection, negative lymph nodes, a solitary tumor, and a width of resection margin greater than 3 mm. Recurrence-free survival was prolonged in patients with negative lymph nodes, early International Union Against Cancer (UICC) stages and solitary tumors. In UICC stages III and IV, patients receiving chemotherapy experienced a better overall survival.

Impact of various parameters on recurrence-free and overall survival was identified; a possible beneficial effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in advanced tumor stages was observed. A prospective, randomized trial is necessary to fully evaluate the role of adjuvant therapy.