Clinical evaluation, laboratory techniques, and other procedures used to formulate diagnostic and therapeutic plans in the pediatric population vary significantly from adult evaluative methodology. Additionally, approaches must be modified within the scope of pediatric practice to include the assessment and management of neonates, infants, toddlers, child patients, adolescents, and young adults. This article discusses the use of polysomnography, electromyography, electroencephalography, electrocardiographic and respiratory activity, audiovideo monitoring, and the Multiple Sleep Latency Test in these populations.