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Emergency Department Interventions for Youth With Assault-Related Injuries: A Scoping Review - 16/02/25

Doi : 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2025.01.013 
Samaa Kemal, MD, MPH a, b, , Jethel Hernandez, BS b, Katie Donnelly, MD, MPH c, d, Denise Nunes, MS RN, MSLIS e, Michael N. Levas, MD, MS f, Karen M. Sheehan, MD, MPH a, b, g, Joel A. Fein, MD, MPH h, i
a Division of Emergency Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 
b Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 
c Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC 
d Division of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington DC 
e Galter Health Sciences Library, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 
f Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 
g Patrick M. Magoon Institute for Healthy Communities, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 
h Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 
i Center for Violence Prevention, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 

Corresponding Author.
Sous presse. Épreuves corrigées par l'auteur. Disponible en ligne depuis le Sunday 16 February 2025

Abstract

Assault-related injuries in youth are associated with poor outcomes related to physical and mental health. These youth often seek acute injury-related care in the emergency department (ED), making this an important location for violence prevention and intervention efforts. This scoping review sought to describe ED-initiated and ED-based interventions for youth with assault-related injury. We searched 6 databases from their inception to October 2023: Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and CINAHL. We included original research on interventions for youth (0 to 18 years) presenting to the ED with assault-related injury (including firearm-related injury). We excluded non-English studies, conference proceedings, and editorials. Two independent reviewers performed title and abstract screening, full text review, and data abstraction and synthesis. We found 5,021 unique articles and excluded 4,955 after the title and abstract screening. The remaining 66 articles underwent full text review, and 25 were included. The primary types of ED interventions identified were case management, behavioral and psychosocial interventions, and mentorship. Although all interventions were initiated in the ED, the majority primarily occurred following discharge, required high levels of resources, and were often performed by hospital-based personnel in partnership with community-based organizations. Most studies described outcomes related to injury recidivism, criminal justice involvement, violence-related risk factors, health care usage, and mortality. Few described strengths-based and other quality-of-life outcomes. Although many studies demonstrated improved outcomes with interventions, they were often limited by sample size, study attrition, and short-term follow-up. Overall, our findings indicate that current research on ED interventions for youth with assault-related injuries is skewed toward resource-intensive services such as hospital-based violence intervention programs. Further work is needed to develop, implement, and rigorously evaluate community-informed ED-based interventions that could complement these resource-intensive interventions. Future studies should also examine strengths-based and patient-centered outcomes.

Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.

Keywords : Assault, Firearms, Youth, Violence prevention, Violence intervention


Plan


 Please see page XX for the Editor’s Capsule Summary of this article.
 Supervising editor: Lois K. Lee, MD, MPH. Specific detailed information about possible conflicts of interest for individual editors is available at editors.
 Author contributions: SK conceived the study. SK and DN drafted the review protocol. KD, KMS, and JAF provided feedback on the review protocol. DN completed the search strategy and article retrieval. SK and JH conducted the title and abstract screening, article reviews and data abstraction. SK drafted the manuscript, and all authors contributed substantially to revisions. SK takes responsibility for the paper as a whole.
 Data sharing statement: The full search strategy performed in each database queried in this scoping review is available in the Appendices.
 All authors attest to meeting the four ICMJE.org authorship criteria: (1) Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND (2) Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND (3) Final approval of the version to be published; AND (4) Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
 Funding and support: By Annals’ policy, all authors are required to disclose any and all commercial, financial, and other relationships in any way related to the subject of this article as per ICMJE conflict of interest guidelines (see www.icmje.org/). The authors have stated that no such relationships exist. The authors report this article did not receive any outside funding or support.
 Publication dates: Received for publication August 14, 2024. Revisions received December 17, 2024, January 11, 2025. Accepted for publication January 16, 2025.


© 2025  Publié par Elsevier Masson SAS.
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