Gut Microbiome Modulation in Allergy Treatment: The Role of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation - 08/02/25

Doi : 10.1016/j.amjmed.2025.01.005

Henry Sutanto, MD, MSc, PhD ^a,^b, Elisa Elisa, MD ^a,^b, Betty Rachma, MD ^a,^b, Deasy Fetarayani, MD, PhD. ^b,^c,^⁎
^a Internal Medicine Study Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
^b Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
^c Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

^⁎Requests for reprints should be addressed to Deasy Fetarayani, MD, PhD, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47 Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia.Division of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaJl. Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47 SurabayaJawa Timur60132Indonesia

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Abstract

The prevalence of allergic diseases has been rising, paralleling lifestyle changes and environmental exposures that have altered human microbiome composition. This review article examines the intricate relationship between the gut microbiome and allergic diseases, emphasizing the potential of fecal microbiota transplantation as a promising novel treatment approach. It explains how reduced microbial exposure in modern societies contributes to immune dysregulation and the increasing incidence of allergies. The discussion also addresses immune homeostasis and its modulation by the gut microbiome, highlighting the shift from eubiosis to dysbiosis in allergic conditions. Furthermore, this article reviews existing studies and emerging research on the role of fecal microbiota transplantation in restoring microbial balance, providing insights into its mechanisms, efficacy, and safety.

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Keywords : Allergy, Dysbiosis, Fecal transplantation, Gut microbiome, Immunology