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Global impact of ten-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in all ages (the PSERENADE project): a global surveillance analysis - 18/12/24

Doi : 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00665-0 
Julia C Bennett, PhD a, * , Maria Deloria Knoll, ProfPhD a, *, , Eunice W Kagucia, PhD b, Maria Garcia Quesada, MSPH a, Scott L Zeger, ProfPhD a, Marissa K Hetrich, MHS a, Yangyupei Yang, MHS a, Carly Herbert, PhD c, Anju Ogyu, MSPH a, Adam L Cohen, MD d, e, Inci Yildirim, MD f, Brita A Winje, ProfPhD g, Anne von Gottberg, ProfPhD h, i, Delphine Viriot, MPH k, Mark van der Linden, PhD l, Palle Valentiner-Branth, PhD m, Shigeru Suga, PhD n, Anneke Steens, PhD o, Anna Skoczynska, ProfPhD p, Nadja Sinkovec Zorko, MD q, J Anthony Scott, ProfFRCP b, Camelia Savulescu, MD r, Larisa Savrasova, MSc s, Juan Carlos Sanz, PhD t, Fiona Russell, ProfPhD u, w, Leah J Ricketson, MSc x, Rodrigo Puentes, MSc y, J Pekka Nuorti, ProfPhD z, aa, Jolita Mereckiene, MSc ab, Kimberley McMahon, MPH ac, Allison McGeer, ProfMD ad, Lucia Mad’arová, PhD ae, Grant A Mackenzie, ProfPhD v, af, ag, ah, Laura MacDonald, MSc ai, Tiia Lepp, MD aj, Shamez N Ladhani, ProfPhD ak, Karl G Kristinsson, ProfPhD al, Jana Kozakova, MD am, Nicola P Klein, ProfMD an, Sanjay Jayasinghe, PhD ao, Pak-Leung Ho, MD ap, Markus Hilty, PhD aq, Robert S Heyderman, ProfFMedSci ar, as, Md Hasanuzzaman, MS at, Laura L Hammitt, ProfMD a, b, Marcela Guevara, MD au, av, Marta Grgic-Vitek, PhD q, Ryan Gierke, MPH e, Theano Georgakopoulou, MD aw, Yvonne Galloway, BSc ax, Idrissa Diawara, ProfPhD ay, az, Stefanie Desmet, PhD ba, bb, Philippe De Wals, ProfPhD bc, Ron Dagan, ProfMD bd, Edoardo Colzani, PhD be, Cheryl Cohen, ProfPhD h, j, Pilar Ciruela, PhD au, bf, Urtnasan Chuluunbat, MD bg, Guanhao Chan, BSc bh, Romina Camilli, PhD bi, Michael G Bruce, MD bj, Maria-Cristina C Brandileone, PhD bk, Godfrey Bigogo, PhD bl, Krow Ampofo, ProfMBChB bm, Katherine L O’Brien, ProfMD a, Daniel R Feikin, MD d, , Kyla Hayford, PhD a,
the

PSERENADE Team

  Members are listed in Supplementary Materials)
Kate Pennington, Vicki Krause, Hafizur Rahman, Samanta Almeida, James Kellner, Geneviève Deceuninck, Brigitte Lefebvre, Juan Hormazabal, Maria Teresa Valenzuela, Pavla Krizova, Aalisha Sahu Khan, Maija Toropainen, Emmanuelle Varon, Marie-Cecile Ploy, Ilias Hossain, Ioanna Magaziotou, Georgina Tzanakaki, Kin-Hung Chow, Helga Erlendsdottir, Mary Corcoran, Flavia Riccardo, Kazunori Oishi, Jennifer Verani, Elina Dimina, Todd Swarthout, Tuya Mungun, Khalid Zerouali, Nina van Sorge, Charlotte Gilkison, Didrik Vestrheim, Alicja Kuch, Koh Cheng Thoon, Michelle Ang, Mária Avdičová, Jackie Kleynhans, Linda de Gouveia, Carmen Muñoz-Almagro, Sara de Miguel, Jesús Castilla, Eva Morfeldt, Zahin Amin-Chowdhury, Andrew Smith, Tamara Pilishvili, Miwako Kobayashi, Alisa Reasonover, Stephen Pelton, Catherine Sutcliffe, Laurie Aukes, Carrie Byington, Tine Dalby, Lucia Celentano, Germaine Hanquet

a Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA 
b Epidemiology and Demography Department, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Coast, Kilifi, Kenya 
c UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA 
d Department of Immunizations, Vaccines and Biologicals, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland 
e Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA 
f Department of Pediatrics, Yale New Haven Children’s Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA 
g Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway 
h Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa 
i School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa 
j School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa 
k French Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France 
l Reference Laboratory for Streptococci, Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany 
m Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark 
n Infectious Disease Center and Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Mie Hospital, Tsu, Japan 
o Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands 
p National Reference Centre for Bacterial Meningitis, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland 
q Communicable Diseases Centre, National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia 
r Epidemiology Department, Epiconcept, Paris, France 
s Institute of Public Health, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia 
t Regional Public Health Laboratory, General Directorate of Public Health, Madrid, Spain 
u Centre for International Child Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Child and Neonatal Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia 
v Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia 
w Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia 
x Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada 
y Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile 
z Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland 
aa Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland 
ab Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland 
ac Centre for Disease Control, Department of Health and Community Services, Darwin, NT, Australia 
ad Toronto Invasive Bacterial Diseases Network and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada 
ae National Reference Centre for Pneumococcal and Haemophilus Diseases, Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia 
af Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK 
ag Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia 
ah New Vaccines Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia 
ai Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK 
aj Department of Communicable Disease and Control and Health Protection, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden 
ak Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK 
al Department of Clinical Microbiology, Landspitali—The National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland 
am National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic 
an Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA, USA 
ao National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia 
ap Department of Microbiology and Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China 
aq Swiss National Reference Centre for Invasive Pneumococci, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 
ar Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Programme, Blantyre, Malawi 
as NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Mucosal Pathogens, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK 
at Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh 
au CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain 
av Public Health Institute of Navarre—IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain 
aw Department for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece 
ax Epidemiology Team, Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington, New Zealand 
ay Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health, Mohammed VI Higher Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco 
az Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation (CM6RI), Rabat, Morocco 
ba Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 
bb National Reference Centre for Streptococcus Pneumoniae, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 
bc Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada 
bd The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel 
be European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Solna, Sweden 
bf Surveillance and Public Health Emergency Response, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain 
bg National Center of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 
bh Singapore Ministry of Health, Communicable Diseases Division, Singapore 
bi Department of Infectious Diseases, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy 
bj Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Infectious Disease Readiness and Innovation, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, AK, USA 
bk National Laboratory for Meningitis and Pneumococcal Infections, Center of Bacteriology, Institute Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil 
bl Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya 
bm Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 

* Correspondence to: Julia C Bennett, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD 21205 USA ** Maria D Knoll, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD 21205 USA
Sous presse. Épreuves corrigées par l'auteur. Disponible en ligne depuis le Wednesday 18 December 2024

Summary

Background

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) that are ten-valent (PCV10) and 13-valent (PCV13) became available in 2010. We evaluated their global impact on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence in all ages.

Methods

Serotype-specific IPD cases and population denominators were obtained directly from surveillance sites using PCV10 or PCV13 in their national immunisation programmes and with a primary series uptake of at least 50%. Annual incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated comparing the incidence before any PCV with each year post-PCV10 or post-PCV13 introduction using Bayesian multi-level, mixed-effects Poisson regressions, by site and age group. All site-weighted average IRRs were estimated using linear mixed-effects regression, stratified by product and previous seven-valent PCV (PCV7) effect (none, moderate, or substantial).

Findings

Analyses included 32 PCV13 sites (488 758 cases) and 15 PCV10 sites (46 386 cases) in 30 countries, primarily high income (39 sites), using booster dose schedules (41 sites). By 6 years after PCV10 or PCV13 introduction, IPD due to PCV10-type serotypes and PCV10-related serotype 6A declined substantially for both products (age <5 years: 83–99% decline; ≥65 years: 54–96% decline). PCV7-related serotype 19A increases before PCV10 or PCV13 introduction were reversed at PCV13 sites (age <5 years: 61–79% decline relative to before any PCV; age ≥65 years: 7–26% decline) but increased at PCV10 sites (age <5 years: 1·6–2·3-fold; age ≥65 years: 3·6–4·9-fold). Serotype 3 IRRs had no consistent trends for either product or age group. Non-PCV13-type IPD increased similarly for both products (age <5 years: 2·3–3·3-fold; age ≥65 years: 1·7–2·3-fold). Despite different serotype 19A trends, all-serotype IPD declined similarly between products among children younger than 5 years (58–74%); among adults aged 65 years or older, declines were greater at PCV13 (25–29%) than PCV10 (4–14%) sites, but other differences between sites precluded attribution to product.

Interpretation

Long-term use of PCV10 or PCV13 reduced IPD substantially in young children and more moderately in older ages. Non-vaccine-type serotypes increased approximately two-fold to three-fold by 6 years after introduction of PCV10 or PCV13. Continuing serotype 19A increases at PCV10 sites and declines at PCV13 sites suggest that PCV13 use would further reduce IPD at PCV10 sites.

Funding

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation as part of the WHO Pneumococcal Vaccines Technical Coordination Project.

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© 2024  The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Publié par Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits réservés.
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