3D printing is transforming the treatment of complex wrist fractures, providing surgeons with unprecedented tools for precision, personalization, and optimal healing. This literature review synthesizes the contributions of 3D printing in wrist surgery, focusing on the following aspects: surgical planning, custom surgical guides, and clinical outcomes.

An exhaustive literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases using the keywords “3D printing,” “wrist surgery,” “complex fractures,” “surgical planning,” “surgical guides,” and “clinical outcomes.” The included studies focused on the use of 3D printing in the management of complex wrist fractures, analyzing the following aspects: 3D printing techniques, design of models and surgical guides, printing accuracy, impact on operative time, surgical accuracy, postoperative complications, and functional outcomes.

3D printing enables the creation of precise anatomical models of the fractured wrist from medical images (CT, MRI). These models facilitate meticulous surgical planning and the design of custom guides. Studies have shown that the use of 3D-printed surgical guides significantly reduces operative time (up to 30 %) and improves the accuracy of fracture reduction and fragment fixation (by 10–20 %). This translates into a decrease in postoperative complications (infections, chronic pain) and an acceleration of functional wrist healing (mobility, grip strength);

3D printing is establishing itself as a valuable tool in complex wrist surgery, offering undeniable advantages in terms of precision, personalization, and improved clinical outcomes. The fabrication of precise anatomical models and custom surgical guides allows surgeons to navigate with increased precision in the complex anatomy of the wrist, minimizing trauma to the patient and optimizing the chances of optimal healing.

3D printing is revolutionizing the landscape of complex wrist surgery, paving the way for more personalized, precise, and effective care. This cutting-edge technology represents a major advancement for patients, improving their quality of life and long-term functional prognosis.