Compare the efficiency of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and Nano vitamin D3 in modulating alveolar bone osteoporosis induced by anastrozole in albino rats.

28 female albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (7/group); Control group (GP I): rats were received distilled water orally. Anastrozole group (GP II): rats were orally given anastrozole (1 mg/kg/day) dissolved in distilled water. SeNP treated Anastrozole group (GP III): rats were orally given anastrozole with SeNP (0.5 mg/kg/day). Nano vitamin D3 treated Anastrozole group (GP IV): rats were orally given anastrozole with Nano vitamin D3 (40 IU/kg/day). After 4 weeks of drugs administration, mandibles were prepared and stained with hematoxylin & eosin, Masson trichrome and anti-osteocalcin antibody. New collagen area% in Masson trichrome and positive anti-osteocalcin osteoblasts count were measured and statistically analyzed.

Deleterious changes in the alveolar bone were detected in Gp II, while being markedly improved in treated groups. Moreover, GP II demonstrated large areas of old collagen, with positive anti-osteocalcin immunoreactivity in some osteoblasts and few osteocytes, meanwhile, control and treated groups showed more predominant newly formed collagen with positive immunoreactivity in nearly all osteoblasts, osteocytes, and some areas of bone matrix. Statistically, Gp III and Gp IV showed the significantly highest newly formed collagen mean area% and positive osteoblasts count, then Gp I, while Gp II represented the least recorded data.

SeNPs and Nano Vitamin D3 improve the structural and cellular quality of mandibular alveolar bone in anastrozole-induced osteoporosis of albino rats.