Protection of vaccine boosters and prior infection against mild/asymptomatic and moderate COVID-19 infection in the UK SIREN healthcare worker cohort: October 2023 to March 2024 - 17/10/24
, Sarah Foulkes b, Katie Munro b, Dominic Sparkes b, Jasleen Singh b, Amanda Henry b, Angela Dunne b, Jean Timeyin b, Sophie Russell b, Jameel Khawam b, Debbie Blick b, Ashley D. Otter b, Nipunadi Hettiarachchi b, Michelle D. Cairns b, Christopher H. Jackson a, Shaun Seaman a, Colin S. Brown b, SIREN Study Group1
, Susan Hopkins b
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Summary |
Objectives |
Bivalent original/BA.4–5 and monovalent XBB.1.5 mRNA boosters were offered to UK healthcare workers (HCWs) in the autumn of 2023. We aimed to estimate booster vaccine effectiveness (VE) and post-infection immunity among the SIREN HCW cohort over the subsequent 6-month period of XBB.1.5 and JN.1 variant circulation.
Methods |
Between October 2023 to March 2024, 2867 SIREN study participants tested fortnightly for SARS-CoV-2 and completed symptoms questionnaires. We used multi-state models, adjusted for vaccination, prior infection, and demographic covariates, to estimate protection against mild/asymptomatic and moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Results |
Half of the participants (1422) received a booster during October 2023 (280 bivalent, 1142 monovalent), and 536 (19%) had a PCR-confirmed infection over the study period. Bivalent booster VE was 15.1% (−55.4 to 53.6%) at 0–2 months and 4.2% (−46.4 to 37.3%) at 2–4 months post-vaccination. Monovalent booster VE was 44.2% (95% CI 21.7 to 60.3%) at 0–2 months, and 24.1% (−0.7 to 42.9%) at 2–4 months. VE was greater against moderate infection than against mild/asymptomatic infection, but neither booster showed evidence of protection after 4 months. Controlling for vaccination, compared to an infection >2 years prior, infection within the past 6 months was associated with 58.6% (30.3 to 75.4%) increased protection against moderate infection and 38.5% (5.8 to 59.8%) increased protection against mild/asymptomatic infection.
Conclusions |
Monovalent XBB.1.5 boosters provided short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly against moderate symptoms. Vaccine formulations that target the circulating variant may be suitable for inclusion in seasonal vaccination campaigns among HCWs.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : SARS-CoV-2, Vaccine effectiveness, Asymptomatic, Symptomatic, Healthcare worker, Cohort study
Plan
Vol 89 - N° 5
Article 106293- novembre 2024 Retour au numéro
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