Correlation between the three-dimensional hyoid bone parameters and pharyngeal airway dimensions in different sagittal and vertical malocclusions - 08/09/24

Doi : 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101994

Majedh Abdo Ali Al-Somairi ^a,^b,^c,^{^{1
Majedh Abdo Ali Al-Somairi and Bowen Zheng contributed equally to this work.}}, Bowen Zheng ^a,^{^{1
Majedh Abdo Ali Al-Somairi and Bowen Zheng contributed equally to this work.}}, Bushra Sufyan Almaqrami ^d,^e, Naseem Ali Al-Worafi ^a, Enas Senan Alyafrusee ^a,^c, Barakat Al-Tayar ^a,^e, Remsh K. Al-Rokhami ^f, Leena Ali Al-Warafi ^g, Najah Alhashimi ^h, Hao Xu ^a, Yi Liu ^a,^⁎
^a Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center of Orthodontic Disease, Shenyang 110002, PR China
^b Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
^c Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Republic of Yemen
^d Department of Orthodontics, Ningbo Dental Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
^e Orthodontics Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen
^f School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, China
^g Department of Orthodontics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
^h Unit and Divisional Chief Orthodontics at Hamad Medical Corporation, College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

^⁎Corresponding author at: Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjing North Street 117#, He-Ping District Shenyang 110002 PR China.Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityNanjing North Street 117#, He-Ping DistrictShenyang110002PR China

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Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to explore the relationship between three-dimensional (3D) measurements of the hyoid bone (HB) and pharyngeal airway space (PAS) in relation to sagittal and vertical malocclusion.

Methods

A total of 368 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were classified into three skeletal groups (Class I, II, and III) and subdivided by vertical growth patterns (hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent). PAS dimensions, including nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and total airway spaces, were measured in surface area, volume, minimum constricted area (MCA), length, and width, HB position and dimension were analyzed in 3D using InVivo 6.0.3 and Dolphin 11.8 software. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests, with P ≤ 0.05 considered significant.

Results

The study found that patients with skeletal Class III and hypodivergent growth pattern had the highest sagittal position of the hyoid bone, while those with skeletal Class II and hyperdivergent pattern had the lowest hyoid length. Nasopharyngeal airway space width was significantly lower in skeletal Class III patients, while volume and area were lower in hyperdivergent patients. Oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal dimensions were also affected by skeletal class and growth pattern, with hyperdivergent patients having the lowest values. Total pharyngeal volume, area, and minimum constricted area were also affected, with hyperdivergent patients having the lowest values and skeletal Class II patients having the lowest minimum constricted area.

Conclusion

Pharyngeal airway dimensions and hyoid bone parameters vary with malocclusions. The hyoid bone's position influences the airway, identifying patients at risk for airway obstruction and sleep-disordered breathing.

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Keywords : Cone- beam computed tomography, Hyoid bone, Pharynx, Malocclusion