Discovering the direct relations between nutrients and epigenetic ageing - 27/07/24

Doi : 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100324 
Pol Grootswagers a, , Daimy Bach a, Ynte Biemans a, Pariya Behrouzi b, Steve Horvath c, d, e, Charlotte S. Kramer a, Simin Liu f, JoAnn E. Manson g, Aladdin H. Shadyab h, James D. Stewart i, Eric Whitsel i, j, Bo Yang k, Lisette de Groot a
a Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands 
b Biometris, Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands 
c Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 
d Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA 
e Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 
f Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA 
g Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 
h Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA 
i Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 
j Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 
k Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA 

Corresponding author.

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Abstract

Background

Along with the ageing of society, the absolute prevalence of age-related diseases is expected to rise, leading to a substantial burden on healthcare systems and society. Thus, there is an urgent need to promote healthy ageing. As opposed to chronological age, biological age was introduced to accurately represent the ageing process, as it considers physiological deterioration that is linked to morbidity and mortality risk. Furthermore, biological age responds to various factors, including nutritional factors, which have the potential to mitigate the risk of age-related diseases. As a result, a promising biomarker of biological age known as the epigenetic clock has emerged as a suitable measure to investigate the direct relations between nutritional factors and ageing, thereby identifying potential intervention targets to improve healthy ageing.

Methods

In this study, we analysed data from 3,969 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative to identify nutrients that are associated with the rate of ageing by using an accurate measure of biological age called the PhenoAge epigenetic clock. We used Copula Graphical Models, a data-driven exploratory analysis tool, to identify direct relationships between nutrient intake and age-acceleration, while correcting for every variable in the dataset.

Results

We revealed that increased dietary intakes of coumestrol, beta-carotene and arachidic acid were associated with decelerated epigenetic ageing. In contrast, increased intakes of added sugar, gondoic acid, behenic acid, arachidonic acid, vitamin A and ash were associated with accelerated epigenetic ageing in postmenopausal women.

Conclusion

Our study discovered direct relations between nutrients and epigenetic ageing, revealing promising areas for follow-up studies to determine the magnitude and causality of our estimated diet-epigenetic relationships.

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Keywords : Epigenetic ageing, Nutrition, Copula graphical models, Epigenetic clock

Abbreviations : AD, APOE, BMI, CGM, CHD, CVD, DBP, DNAm, eBIC, EDTA, EM, FFQ, GGM, GM, Illumina, IQR, MFA, NASR, NCC, NDSR, OS, PA, PFA, PM, SBP, SFA, TL, UGM, WHI, WHR, 5mC


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Vol 28 - N° 9

Article 100324- septembre 2024 Retour au numéro
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