COVID-19 in Pediatric Populations - 26/07/24

Doi : 10.1016/j.ccm.2024.02.019

Yanki K. Okuducu, MD ^a,^b,^c, Marcus A. Mall, MD ^d,^e,^f, Lael M. Yonker, MD ^a,^b,^c,^⁎
^a Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 Cambridge Street, 5^th floor, Boston, MA 02114, USA
^b Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
^c Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
^d Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Augustenburger Platz 1, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
^e German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
^f Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

^∗Corresponding author. Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.Department of PediatricsPulmonary DivisionMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114

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Résumé

The COVID-19 pandemic reshaped the landscape of respiratory viral illnesses, causing common viruses to fade as SARS-CoV-2 took precedence. By 2023, more than 96% of the children in the United States were estimated to have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, with certain genetic predispositions and underlying health conditions posing risk factors for severe disease in children. Children, in general though, exhibit immunity advantages, protecting against aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection known to drive increased severity in older adults. Post-COVID-19 complications such as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and long COVID have emerged, underscoring the importance of vaccination. Here, we highlight the risks of severe pediatric COVID-19, age-specific immunoprotection, comparisons of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory viruses, and factors contributing to post-COVID-19 complications in children.

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Keywords : COVID-19, Pediatric, Multisystem inflammatory in children, Long COVID