Incidence of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine symptomatic breakthrough infections during Omicron circulation in adults with or without infection prior to vaccination - 18/07/24
, Laetitia Ninove b, Sylvie van der Werf c, Maeva Lefebvre d, Corinne Desaint a, e, Rebecca Bauer a, Mikael Attia c, Anne-Sophie Lecompte d, Marie Lachatre e, Zoha Maakaroun-Vermesse f, Jean-François Nicolas g, h, Renaud Verdon i, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian j, Paul Loubet k, Catherine Schmidt-Mutter l, Violaine Corbin m, Séverine Ansart n, Giovanna Melica o, Martine Resch a, Emmanuelle Netzer a, Yousra Kherabi e, Raphaëlle Tardieu p, Jean-Daniel Lelièvre q, Eric Tartour r, Laurence Meyer a, s, Xavier de Lamballerie b, Odile Launay efor the ANRS002S CoviCompareP group
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Abstract |
Objectives |
COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections were frequently reported during circulation of the Omicron variant. The ANRS|MIE CoviCompareP study investigated these infections in adults vaccinated and boosted with BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] and with/without SARS-CoV-2 infection before vaccination.
Methods |
In the first half of 2021, healthy adults (aged 18–45, 65–74 and 75 or older) received either one dose of BNT162b2 (n = 120) if they had a documented history of SARS-CoV-2 infection at least five months previously, or two doses (n = 147) if they had no history confirmed by negative serological tests. A first booster dose was administered at least 6 months after the primary vaccination, and a second booster dose, if any, was reported in the database. Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the European (D614G) strain and the Omicron BA.1 variant were assessed up to 28 days after the first booster dose. A case-control analysis was performed for the 252 participants who were followed up in 2022, during the Omicron waves.
Results |
From January to October 2022, 78/252 (31%) had a documented symptomatic breakthrough infection after full vaccination: 21/117 (18%) in those who had been infected before vaccination vs. 57/135 (42%) in those who had not. In a multivariate logistic regression model, factors associated with a lower risk of breakthrough infection were older age, a higher number of booster doses, and higher levels of Omicron BA.1 NAb titers in adults with infection before vaccination, but not in those without prior infection.
Conclusion |
Our results highlight the need to consider immune markers of protection in association with infection and vaccination history.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, Breakthrough infections, Omicron, Neutralization antibodies
Plan
| ☆ | These data were partially presented at the 33rd European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) 15–18 April 2023. |
Vol 54 - N° 5
Article 104886- août 2024 Retour au numéro
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