Membrane-targeting, ultrashort lipopeptide acts as an antibiotic adjuvant and sensitizes MDR gram-negative pathogens toward narrow-spectrum antibiotics - 16/06/24
Abstract |
Globally, infections due to multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial (GNB) pathogens are on the rise, negatively impacting morbidity and mortality, necessitating urgent treatment alternatives. Herein, we report a detailed bio-evaluation of an ultrashort, cationic lipopeptide ‘SVAP9I’ that demonstrated potent antibiotic activity and acted as an adjuvant to potentiate existing antibiotic classes towards GNBs. Newly synthesized lipopeptides were screened against ESKAPE pathogens and cytotoxicity assays were performed to evaluate the selectivity index (SI). SVAP9I exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against critical MDR-GNB pathogens including members of Enterobacteriaceae (MIC 4–8 mg/L), with a favorable CC50 value of ≥100 mg/L and no detectable resistance even after 50th serial passage. It demonstrated fast concentration-dependent bactericidal action as determined via time-kill analysis and also retained full potency against polymyxin B-resistant E. coli, indicating distinct mode of action. SVAP9I targeted E. coli's outer and inner membranes by binding to LPS and phospholipids such as cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol. Membrane damage resulted in ROS generation, depleted intracellular ATP concentration and a concomitant increase in extracellular ATP. Checkerboard assays showed SVAP9I's synergism with narrow-spectrum antibiotics like vancomycin, fusidic acid and rifampicin, potentiating their efficacy against MDR-GNB pathogens, including carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), a WHO critical priority pathogen. In a murine neutropenic thigh infection model, SVAP9I and rifampicin synergized to express excellent antibacterial efficacy against MDR-CRAB outcompeting polymyxin B. Taken together, SVAP9I's distinct membrane-targeting broad-spectrum action, lack of resistance and strong in vitro andin vivopotency in synergism with narrow spectrum antibiotics like rifampicin suggests its potential as a novel antibiotic adjuvant for the treatment of serious MDR-GNB infections.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Graphical Abstract |
Highlights |
• | SVAP9I is active against a broad-range of MDR-GNB. |
• | SVAP9I shows concentration-dependent bactericidal activity against MDR E. coli with no detectable resistance. |
• | SVAP9I damages both membranes inducing ROS generation and intracellular ATP depletion. |
• | SVAP9I acts as a potent antibiotic adjuvant sensitizing multiple MDR GNBs to narrow-spectrum antibiotics in vitro. |
• | SVAP9I synergizes with rifampicin against CRAB in vivo murine thigh infection model. |
Abbreviations : MDR, GNB, ROS, ATP, LPS, WHO, OM, IM
Keywords : Ultrashort cationic lipopeptide, Antibiotic adjuvant, Antibiotic potentiation, multi-drug resistance, Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB)
Plan
Vol 176
Article 116810- juillet 2024 Retour au numéroBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
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