Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the front-line psychological intervention for the treatment of anxiety disorders. It is based on the cognitive behavioral model of anxiety disorders, which conceptualizes anxiety as caused by a pattern of maladaptive cognitive appraisals and avoidance behaviors that perpetuate pathologic fears. CBT includes core components that are relevant across anxiety disorders, including psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, exposure therapy, and relapse prevention. CBT has a strong evidence base supporting its short-term and long-term efficacy and effectiveness. A case vignette is provided to illustrate the application of CBT principles. Clinical complexities, clinical recommendations, and future research directions are discussed.