Infant mortality in French Guiana, a French overseas territory, is 2.7 times greater than in mainland France. Given the importance of better understanding infant mortality we aimed to describe the early & late neonatal, and postneonatal mortality in French Guiana between 2007 and 2022.

We used data from the Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques to describe trends and performed survival analysis.

Overall, there were 1 073 deaths before one year of age, of which 297 (27.7 %) occurred on the first day of life. The overall proportion of early neonatal deaths was 47.1 %, late neonatal deaths was 17.3 %, and post-neonatal deaths was 35.6 %. The overall incidences were 4.6 per 1,000 for early neonatal mortality, 1.4 per 1,000 for late neonatal mortality, and 3.1 per 1,000 for post neonatal mortality. The incidence for infant mortality for French Guiana residents was thus 9.1 per 1,000.

We show that post neonatal deaths in French Guiana are proportionally greater than in mainland France and they do not seem to decline, as they did in France. The relative proportions of post-neonatal mortality can thus help to identify important areas for action to correct excess infant mortality. Although poor pregnancy follow-up remains a problem we show that follow-up of infants is also a pressing problem that warrants increased efforts.