Anatomical variations in the course of spinal accessory nerve in the neck triangles: A descriptive study - 31/05/24
, J. Banu, N. Dhakshnamoorthy, S.Y. HottigoudarHighlights |
• | Anatomical variations of spinal accessory nerve were studied in Tamil-speaking South Indian population. |
• | Spinal accessory nerve was anteriorly related to the IJV in 58.73% and posteriorly in 37.5%. |
• | Fenestrated internal jugular vein with spinal accessory nerve passing through was observed in 3.57%. |
• | In 86.67% of the cases, the SAN traversed through the SCM muscle, and in 13.33%, it was deep to the SCM. |
• | The entry and exit points of spinal accessory nerve on the anterior and the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscles were located at a distance of 37.86±7.26mm and 48.55±8.22mm, respectively, from the mastoid process. |
Summary |
Background |
Spinal Accessory Nerve (SAN), which innervates the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and trapezius muscles, is closely related to the internal jugular vein (IJV) in the anterior triangle of the neck and passes superficially in the posterior triangle. Injury to SAN is a major complication of level II neck dissection, leading to shoulder syndrome. The present study aims to assess the course and its relation to the SCM muscle and IJV in the Tamil ethnolinguistic groups in South India.
Methods and materials |
The anterior and posterior triangles of the neck were dissected in 28 formalin-fixed adult cadavers. The course of the SAN and the entry and exit points of SAN along the SCM muscle were assessed using the mastoid process as the reference. Recorded data was analyzed using SPSS software.
Results |
The SAN was anteriorly related to the IJV in 58.73%, posteriorly in 37.5%, and pierced through the IJV in 3.57% of the specimens. The entry and exit points of SAN from the mastoid process were 37.86±7.26mm and 48.55±8.22mm, respectively. In 86.67% of the cases, the SAN traversed through the SCM muscle, and in 13.33%, it was deep to the SCM.
Conclusion |
The present study reports that the SAN is variable in its course, and relation to SCM and IJV. Knowledge about the variant anatomy of the SAN in the triangles of the neck is important and it aids surgeons to prevent iatrogenic injuries to SAN or IJV and enhance surgical safety in neck procedures.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : Internal jugular vein, Sternocleidomastoid, Trapezius, Anatomy
Plan
Vol 108 - N° 361
Article 100761- juin 2024 Retour au numéro
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