Immunotherapies of acute myeloid leukemia: Rationale, clinical evidence and perspective - 04/02/24
Abstract |
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a prevalent hematological malignancy that exhibits a wide array of molecular abnormalities. Although traditional treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have become standard therapeutic approaches, a considerable number of patients continue to face relapse and encounter a bleak prognosis. The emergence of immune escape, immunosuppression, minimal residual disease (MRD), and other contributing factors collectively contribute to this challenge. Recent research has increasingly highlighted the notable distinctions between AML tumor microenvironments and those of healthy individuals. In order to investigate the potential therapeutic mechanisms, this study examines the intricate transformations occurring between leukemic cells and their surrounding cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of AML. This review classifies immunotherapies into four distinct categories: cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), antibody-based immunotherapies, and adoptive T-cell therapies. The results of numerous clinical trials strongly indicate that the identification of optimal combinations of novel agents, either in conjunction with each other or with chemotherapy, represents a crucial advancement in this field. In this review, we aim to explore the current and emerging immunotherapeutic methodologies applicable to AML patients, identify promising targets, and emphasize the crucial requirement to augment patient outcomes. The application of these strategies presents substantial therapeutic prospects within the realm of precision medicine for AML, encompassing the potential to ameliorate patient outcomes.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Graphical Abstract |
Highlights |
• | Deeper understanding of AML immune microenvironment offers novel possibilities for cure. |
• | Immunotherapies mainly consist of cancer vaccines, ICIs, antibody-directed immunotherapies, and adoptive T-cell therapies. |
• | Immunotherapies have attracted research attention for their potential ability to overcome both primary and acquired resistance. |
• | Although various side effects have been discovered, immunotherapies in AML still show irreplaceable advantages. |
Abbreviations : AML, ADAs, ADCC, APC, APL, ATO, BPDCN, BiTE, BiKe, BM, CARs, CAR-M, CIR, CR, CRS, CTLs, CTLA-4, DARTs, DC, DCleu, FDA, FGF2, GPS, GO, HGF, HI, HLA, HMAs, HSCs, HSCT, hTERT, HR-MDS, ICOS, irAEs, IDO, IFN-γ, ICIs, KIR, LSCs, LAAs, mAbs, MDSCs, MDS, MHC, mo-DCs, MRD, mRNA, MSCs, MUC1, NK cell, NKG2A, ORR, TCR, TIGIT, Tregs, PD-L1, PR3, PRAME, RHAMM, R/R, SIRPα, TAA, TAMs, TandAbs, TCR, TIM3, TME, Tregs, TriKe, VISTA, VOD, WES, WT1
Keywords : Acute myeloid leukemia, Immunotherapy, Immune, Microenvironment, Outcome
Plan
Vol 171
Article 116132- février 2024 Retour au numéroBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
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