Evaluation of potential targets to enhance the sensitivity of cholangiocarcinoma cells to anticancer drugs - 11/11/23
, Elisa Lozano a, b, c, 1Abstract |
Background |
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly lethal cancer originated in the biliary tree. Available treatments for CCA are scarcely effective, partly due to mechanisms of chemoresistance, such as aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and dysfunctional p53.
Aim |
To evaluate the impact of enhancing the expression of negative regulators of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (AXIN1, AXIN2, and GSK3B) and the tumor suppressor gene TP53.
Methods |
Gene expression in paired samples of CCA and adjacent non-tumor liver tissue was determined by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Using lentiviral vectors, CCA cells were transduced with genes of interest to assess their impact on the resistome (TLDA), apoptosis (annexin V/propidium iodide), and decreased cell viability (MTT).
Results |
IHC revealed marked nuclear localization of β-catenin, consistent with Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. In silico analysis with data from TCGA showed heterogeneous down-regulation of AXIN1, AXIN2, and GSK3B in CCA. Enhancing the expression of AXIN1, AXIN2, and GSK3B in CCA cells was not enough to block the activity of this signaling pathway or significantly modify resistance to 5-FU, gemcitabine, and platinated drugs. Consistent with impaired p53 function, CDKN1A was down-regulated in CCA. Forced TP53 expression induced p21 up-regulation and reduced cell proliferation. Moreover, the resistome was modified (FAS, BAX, TYMP, and CES2 up-regulation along with DHFR, RRM1, and BIRC5 down-regulation), which was accompanied by enhanced sensitivity to some antitumor drugs, mainly platinated drugs.
Conclusion |
Enhancing TP53 expression, but not that of AXIN1, AXIN2, and GSK3B, in CCA cells may be a useful strategy to sensitize CCA to antitumor drugs.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Graphical Abstract |
Highlights |
• | Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and dysfunctional p53 are involved in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) chemoresistance. |
• | In silico analysis of CCA data from TCGA showed heterogeneous down-regulation of AXIN1, AXIN2, and GSK3B, whose enhanced expression in vitro is not enough to modify drug resistance. |
• | Impaired p53 function is accompanied with p21 (CDKN1A) down-regulation. |
• | Forced TP53 expression alters the resistome with up-regulation of p21, BAX and FAS, which decreases cell proliferation and increases the sensitivity to some antitumor drugs. |
Abbreviations : 5-FU, ABC proteins, CCA, dCCA, eCCA, eGFP, Gem/Cis, IC50, iCCA, IHC, IQR, MOC, MOI, NT, pCCA, RT-qPCR, RQ, SD, T, TCGA, TMA
Keywords : Anticancer drugs, Biliary tumors, Multidrug resistance, Chemotherapy, Gene therapy
Plan
Vol 168
Article 115658- décembre 2023 Retour au numéro
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