Susceptibility to neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism-age and increased substantia nigra echogenicity as putative risk factors - 01/01/03
Burkhard Emanuel
Jabs
a
*
,
Andreas Joachim
Bartsch
b
,
Bruno
Pfuhlmann
a
*Corresponding author.
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Résumé |
Objective. - Patients treated by neuroleptics often develop neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism (NIP) to a varying extent. The reasons for this are discussed controversially in the literature. Previous transcranial sonography (TCS) findings of the substantia nigra (SN) in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease suggest a correlation of echogenicity with nigrostriatal dysfunction.
Method. - One hundred psychiatric patients receiving neuroleptics were included. They underwent clinical examination for NIP (Simpson and Angus-scale) and, independently, TCS of the SN. History of smoking habits and medication were taken from the patient's chart.
Results. - We found a significant positive association of the prevalence of NIP with age (P < 0.01) and the echogenic area of the SN (P < 0.05). Neither type nor dosage of the neuroleptics was found to have any significant impact on the occurrence of NIP. Smokers displayed lower prevalence of NIP (P < 0.05) and lower EPS scores (P < 0.01).
Conclusions. - These findings suggest that age and increased size of SN echogenicity are possible risk factors for NIP. In contrast, smoking seems to have a certain protecting effect.
Mots clés : Antipsychotic agents ; Adverse effects ; Secondary Parkinson's disease ; Transcranial ultrasonography ; Substantia nigra.
Plan
Vol 18 - N° 4
P. 177-181 - juin 2003 Retour au numéro
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