Enhancers of mesenchymal stem cell stemness and therapeutic potency - 29/04/23

Doi : 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114356

Mahmoud Al-Azab ^a,^{^{1
Equal contribution.},}^⁎ , Elina Idiiatullina ^a,^b,^{^{1
Equal contribution.}}, Mohammed Safi ^c,^{^{1
Equal contribution.}}, Kamal Hezam ^d,^e
^a Department of Immunology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
^b Department of Therapy and Nursing, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russia
^c Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
^d Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071, China
^e Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, 6350 Taiz, Yemen

^⁎Correspondence to: Department of Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China.Department of Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510623China.

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a range of cell types, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes, and adipocytes. Multiple preclinical investigations and clinical trials employed enhanced MSCs-dependent therapies in treatment of inflammatory and degenerative diseases. They have demonstrated considerable and prospective therapeutic potentials even though the large-scale use remains a problem. Several strategies have been used to improve the therapeutic potency of MSCs in cellular therapy. Treatment of MSCs utilizing pharmaceutical compounds, cytokines, growth factors, hormones, and vitamins have shown potential outcomes in boosting MSCs’ stemness. In this study, we reviewed the current advances in enhancing techniques that attempt to promote MSCs' therapeutic effectiveness in cellular therapy and stemness in vivo with potential mechanisms and applications.

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Graphical Abstract

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Highlights

•	Although the cellular therapy by mesenchymal stem cell is being more interesting in the last decade, many obstacles including safety issues, biased differentiation and cellular senescence may discourage this approach.
•	To overcome the disadvantages of mesenchymal stem cell’ therapy, a wide variety of biomolecules were suggested in research field to induce outstanding therapeutic output.
•	Metformin, resveratrol, antioxidants, mTOR inhibitors, cytokines, growth factors, hormones, vitamins and many other pharmacological medication were reported as enhancers for mesenchymal stem cell’ stemness and therapeutic potency.
•	Enhancing the stemness of human body’ mesenchymal stem cell may contribute to combat aging and aging related diseases.

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Abbreviations : AMPK, EGCG, eNOS, ERK, FGF, G-CSF, HGPS, IL-1R1, IDO, LAMF, LAMR, MHC, mTOR, MSCs, MMPs, MAPK, MCP1, NAC, Nrf2, NF-κB, PPARγ, PI3k, PDGF, PRDX4, PAR1, ROS, Runx2, SASP, STAT3, SOD2, TGF-β, TTS, TRAF6, VEGF