Unveiling the incidences and trends of the neglected zoonosis cystic echinococcosis in Europe: a systematic review from the MEmE project - 23/02/23
Doi : 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00638-7
Adriano Casulli, PhD a, b, c, ⁎ 
, Bernadette Abela-Ridder, DVM g, Daniele Petrone, Dstat d, f, Massimo Fabiani, Dstat d, Branko Bobić, PhD h, David Carmena, PhD i, Barbara Šoba, PhD j, Enver Zerem, PhD k, Maria João Gargaté, PhD l, Gordana Kuzmanovska, MD m, Cristian Calomfirescu, MSc n, Iskra Rainova, ProfMD o, Smaragda Sotiraki, PhD p, Vera Lungu, MD q, Balázs Dezsényi, PhD r, Zaida Herrador, PhD s, Jacek Karamon, PhD t, Pavlo Maksimov, DVM u, Antti Oksanen, PhD v, Laurence Millon, ProfMD w, Mario Sviben, PhD x, y, Renata Shkjezi, PhD z, Valbona Gjoni, PhD aa, Ilir Akshija, MD ab, Urmas Saarma, ProfPhD ac, Paul Torgerson, PhD ad, Viliam Šnábel, PhD ae, Daniela Antolová, PhD ae, Damir Muhovic, MD af, Hasan Besim, ProfMD ag, Fanny Chereau, PhD ah, Moncef Belhassen García, PhD ai, François Chappuis, ProfMD aj, Severin Gloor, MD ak, Marcel Stoeckle, MD al, Beat Müllhaupt, MD am, Valerio Manno, Dstat e, Azzurra Santoro, PhD a, b, c, †, Federica Santolamazza, PhD a, b, c, †
, Bernadette Abela-Ridder, DVM g, Daniele Petrone, Dstat d, f, Massimo Fabiani, Dstat d, Branko Bobić, PhD h, David Carmena, PhD i, Barbara Šoba, PhD j, Enver Zerem, PhD k, Maria João Gargaté, PhD l, Gordana Kuzmanovska, MD m, Cristian Calomfirescu, MSc n, Iskra Rainova, ProfMD o, Smaragda Sotiraki, PhD p, Vera Lungu, MD q, Balázs Dezsényi, PhD r, Zaida Herrador, PhD s, Jacek Karamon, PhD t, Pavlo Maksimov, DVM u, Antti Oksanen, PhD v, Laurence Millon, ProfMD w, Mario Sviben, PhD x, y, Renata Shkjezi, PhD z, Valbona Gjoni, PhD aa, Ilir Akshija, MD ab, Urmas Saarma, ProfPhD ac, Paul Torgerson, PhD ad, Viliam Šnábel, PhD ae, Daniela Antolová, PhD ae, Damir Muhovic, MD af, Hasan Besim, ProfMD ag, Fanny Chereau, PhD ah, Moncef Belhassen García, PhD ai, François Chappuis, ProfMD aj, Severin Gloor, MD ak, Marcel Stoeckle, MD al, Beat Müllhaupt, MD am, Valerio Manno, Dstat e, Azzurra Santoro, PhD a, b, c, †, Federica Santolamazza, PhD a, b, c, † a WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
b European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
c Foodborne and Neglected Parasites Unit, Department of infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
d Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Mathematical Modelling, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
e Statistical Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
f Department of Statistics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
g Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
h Institute for Medical Research University of Belgrade, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
i Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, Spanish National Centre for Microbiology, Health Institute Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
j Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
k Department of Medical Sciences, The Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
l National Reference Laboratory of Parasitic and Fungal Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal
m Department of Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health of Republic of North Macedonia, Skopje, North Macedonia
n National Center for Statistics in Public Health, National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
o National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
p Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation/ELGO-DIMITRA, Thessaloniki, Greece
q Department for Epidemiological Surveillance of Highly Contagious Diseases, Zoonoses and Parasitosis, National Public Health Agency of the Republic of Moldova, Chisinau, Moldova
r Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
s National Centre of Epidemiology, Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
t Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
u National Reference Library for Echinococcosis, Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
v Finnish Food Authority, Oulu, Finland
w National Reference Center for Echinococcosis, University Hospital of Besançon, UMR 6249 CNRS Chrono-environnement, University of Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
x Croatian National Institute for Public Health, National Reference Laboratory for Parasites of Humans, Department of Microbiology, Zagreb, Croatia
y Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
z Mother Cabrini—ONLUS Foundation, Sant’Angelo Lodigiano, Italy
aa Department of National Reference Laboratories, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
ab Statistics Department, University Hospital Center “Mother Teresa”, Tirana, Albania
ac Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
ad Section of Veterinary Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
ae Laboratory of Human Parasitology, Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
af Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Internal Clinic, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
ag Department of General Surgery, Near East University Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
ah Infectious Diseases Division, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
ai Internal Medicine Service, Infectious Unit, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Research Center for Tropical Diseases of the University of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
aj Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
ak Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
al Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
am Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
* Correspondence to: Dr Adriano Casulli, WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome 00161 Italy
Summary |
The neglected zoonosis cystic echinococcosis affects mainly pastoral and rural communities in both low-income and upper-middle-income countries. In Europe, it should be regarded as an orphan and rare disease. Although human cystic echinococcosis is a notifiable parasitic infectious disease in most European countries, in practice it is largely under-reported by national health systems. To fill this gap, we extracted data on the number, incidence, and trend of human cases in Europe through a systematic review approach, using both the scientific and grey literature and accounting for the period of publication from 1997 to 2021. The highest number of possible human cases at the national level was calculated from various data sources to generate a descriptive model of human cystic echinococcosis in Europe. We identified 64 745 human cystic echinococcosis cases from 40 European countries. The mean annual incidence from 1997 to 2020 throughout Europe was 0·64 cases per 100 000 people and in EU member states was 0·50 cases per 100 000 people. Based on incidence rates and trends detected in this study, the current epicentre of cystic echinococcosis in Europe is in the southeastern European countries, whereas historical endemic European Mediterranean countries have recorded a decrease in the number of cases over the time.
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Vol 23 - N° 3
P. e95-e107 - mars 2023 Retour au numéro
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