Impact of the early phase of COVID-19 on the trends of isolated bacteria in the national database of Japan: an interrupted time-series analysis - 28/01/23
, Keitaro Omori b, Tomoki Kobayashi a, Kotaro Ikeda a, Seiya Kashiyama c, Hiroki Ohge b, Masanori Ito a
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Highlights |
• | A total of 369,210 bacterial isolates were obtained from in-patients in the J-SIPHE database. |
• | The bacterial species before/after the early COVID-19 phase in Japan were compared. |
• | The ratio of number of bacteria isolated by droplet infection decreased. |
• | Droplet transmission decreased/remained constant after the COVID-19 initial phase. |
• | February-May 2020 showed increased behavioral change for COVID-19 prevention. |
Abstract |
Objectives |
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a change in the trend of infections was observed. However, there are few reports comprehensively assessing the impact of the early phase of COVID-19 on the trend of bacteria isolated.
Methods |
We extracted the number of positive cultures of hospitalized patients for approximately 200 institutions using the Japanese national database. The outcome was the ratio of 10 species isolated in comparison to the total isolates for each month. Interrupted time-series analyses were conducted between 13 (from Jan-2019 to Jan-2020) and 8 (from May-2020 to Dec-2020) monthly data points.
Results |
A total of 369,210 isolates were involved. Differences in the level change for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pyogenes decreased significantly by 0.272 (95% confidence interval [CI]:0.192-0.352), 0.244 (95%CI:0.174-0.314), and 0.324 (95%CI:0.06-0.589), respectively. Bacteria transmitted by contact infection, such as Staphylococcus aureus, did not decrease. Differences in slope change were not significant in all species.
Conclusions |
The ratios of isolated bacteria transmitted by droplet infection decreased immediately after the early phase of COVID-19 and maintained the same level. The awareness and behavioral changes toward increased COVID-19 prevention might have a substantial impact on the prevention of bacterial infections, especially droplet infections.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : COVID-19, J-SIPHE, Positive cultures, National database, Behavioral change, Bacteria, Culture, Large-scale, Behavior change, Interrupted time-series analysis
Plan
Vol 86 - N° 2
P. 147-153 - février 2023 Retour au numéro
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